The Relationship of Comorbid Diseases and Empirical Antibiotic Usage with Superinfection in COVID-19 Patients.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan Country of Publication: Pakistan NLM ID: 9606447 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1681-7168 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1022386X NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Coll Physicians Surg Pak Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Karachi : College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan,
    • Subject Terms:
      Superinfection*/drug therapy ; Superinfection*/epidemiology ; Superinfection*/chemically induced ; COVID-19*/epidemiology; Humans ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Moxifloxacin ; Piperacillin/adverse effects ; Azithromycin/therapeutic use ; Penicillanic Acid/adverse effects ; Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination
    • Abstract:
      Objective: To identify the microorganisms responsible for superinfections in patients admitted with COVID-19 and evaluate the impact of empirical antibiotic regimen and comorbid disease on superinfections comparing COVID-19 patients with and without secondary infection.
      Study Design: A descriptive study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Microbiology, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkiye, from March to July 2020.
      Methodology: This study was conducted with patients diagnosed with COVID-19 disease based on radiological or quantitative RT-PCR test results. Culture results, demographic characteristics, clinical variables, and therapeutic regimen were collected from medical records.
      Results: Superinfection developed in 48 (26.96%) of 178 cultures (24 of 101 patients) followed up in the COVID-19 clinics. Infections were determined as 25 (52.08%) bloodstream, 11 (22.9%) urinary tract, 10 (20.8%) respiratory tract and 2 (4.16%) soft tissue infections, respectively. Secondary infectious agents were E.coli in 11 (22.9%), A.baumannii in 8 (16.7%), S.homminis in 7 (14.6%), S.epidermidis in 6 (12.5%), K.pneumoniae in 4 (8.3%), C.albicans in 2 (4.1%), and other bacterial and fungal agents in 10 (20.8%). The median range from admission to the hospital to detecting microorganism growth was the longest with piperacillin/tazobactam with moxifloxacin and azithromycin. Secondary microorganism detection was delayed, mostly due to the empirical use of moxifloxacin, azithromycin, and piperacillin/tazobactam.
      Conclusion: Demographic characteristics, comorbidity and antibiotic use of patients were not directly related to secondary infections. In addition, the empirical use of azithromycin and moxifloxacin with piperacillin/tazobactam appeared to delay the development of superinfection.
      Key Words: Superinfection, COVID-19, Comorbidity.
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
      U188XYD42P (Moxifloxacin)
      X00B0D5O0E (Piperacillin)
      83905-01-5 (Azithromycin)
      87-53-6 (Penicillanic Acid)
      157044-21-8 (Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20230809 Date Completed: 20230810 Latest Revision: 20230810
    • Publication Date:
      20240829
    • Accession Number:
      10.29271/jcpsp.2023.08.852
    • Accession Number:
      37553921