The Unified Narcissism Scale-Revised: Expanding Measurement and Understanding of Narcissism Across Cultures.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Sage Publications Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9431219 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1552-3489 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10731911 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Assessment Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: Original Publication: Odessa, Fla. : Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc., c1994-
    • Subject Terms:
      Narcissism* ; Cross-Cultural Comparison* ; Psychometrics*; Humans ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; Self Concept ; Sri Lanka ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; China ; United States ; Reproducibility of Results ; Adolescent
    • Abstract:
      The study of narcissism has been hindered by conceptual, theoretical, and measurement in-consistencies. In this article, we report two studies that tested a novel unified conceptualization and theoretical approach to narcissism using the Unified Narcissism Scale-Revised. Study 1 revised the recently developed Unified Narcissism Scale to construct a preliminary 40-item measure in a sample of 395 American participants ( M age = 41). We confirmed the five-factor first-order model, the two-factor second-order model, and the one-factor third-order model. Study 2 considered the cross-cultural performance of the revised scale in the Chinese language in China ( N = 326, M age = 25.5 years) and in the English language in Sri Lanka ( N = 354 M age = 28.7 years) and constructed a final 35-item measure. In conducting these studies, we have demonstrated the cross-cultural importance of entitlement and self-esteem to the conceptualization of narcissism and suggest that the negative relationship between narcissism and agreeableness may be culture-specific to Western samples (as evidenced by the absence of this relationship in non-Western samples). In this article, we have constructed a measure of narcissism that has refined our understanding of the construct and created a tool to capture this understanding.
      Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
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    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: cross-cultural; item response theory; measurement; narcissism
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20230808 Date Completed: 20240514 Latest Revision: 20240516
    • Publication Date:
      20240516
    • Accession Number:
      PMC11092293
    • Accession Number:
      10.1177/10731911231191435
    • Accession Number:
      37551610