Cumulative steroid dose in hospitalized patients and COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: W.B. Saunders For The Hospital Infection Society Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8007166 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1532-2939 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01956701 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Hosp Infect Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: London : W.B. Saunders For The Hospital Infection Society
      Original Publication: New York, Academic Press.
    • Subject Terms:
      COVID-19* ; Pulmonary Aspergillosis*; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Female ; Retrospective Studies ; Steroids/adverse effects ; Dexamethasone/adverse effects
    • Abstract:
      Background: Severe COVID-19 elicits a hyperimmune response frequently amenable to steroids, which in turn increase the risk for opportunistic infections. COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is a complication known to be associated with immunomodulatory treatment. The role of cumulative steroid dose in the development of CAPA is unclear. This study evaluates the relationship between cumulative steroid dose in hospitalized individuals with COVID-19 pneumonia and the risk for CAPA.
      Methods: This retrospective cohort study includes 135 hospitalized patients with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia at a tertiary centre in north Mexico. Patients who developed CAPA were matched by age and gender to two controls with COVID-19 pneumonia who did not develop CAPA defined and classified as possible, probable, or proven according to 2020 ECMM/ISHAM criteria. Cumulative steroid dose in dexamethasone equivalents was obtained from admission until death, discharge, or diagnosis of CAPA (whichever occurred first). The risk of CAPA by the continuous cumulative steroid dose was assessed using a logistic regression model.
      Results: Forty-five patients were diagnosed with CAPA and matched to 90 controls. Mean age was 61 ± 14 years, and 72% were male. Mean cumulative steroid dose was 66 ± 75 mg in patients without CAPA vs 195 ± 226 mg in patients with CAPA (P<0.001). The risk for CAPA increased with higher cumulative dose of steroids (OR 1.0075, 95% CI: 1.0033-1.0116).
      Conclusions: Patients who developed CAPA had a history of higher cumulative steroid dose during hospitalization. The risk for CAPA increases ∼8% for every 10 mg of dexamethasone used.
      (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Aspergillosis; COVID-19; Opportunistic infections; Pneumonia; Steroids
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Steroids)
      7S5I7G3JQL (Dexamethasone)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20230727 Date Completed: 20231127 Latest Revision: 20231127
    • Publication Date:
      20231127
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.jhin.2023.07.009
    • Accession Number:
      37499762