Cheese consumption and multiple health outcomes: an umbrella review and updated meta-analysis of prospective studies.

Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101540874 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2156-5376 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 21618313 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Adv Nutr Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: 2023- : [New York, NY] : Elsevier
Original Publication: Bethesda, MD : American Society for Nutrition

Cheese* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases* ; Coronary Disease* ; Stroke*/epidemiology; Male ; Humans ; Prospective Studies

This umbrella review aims to provide a systematic and comprehensive overview of current evidence from prospective studies on the diverse health effects of cheese consumption. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library to identify meta-analyses/pooled analyses of prospective studies examining the association between cheese consumption and major health outcomes from inception to August 31, 2022. We reanalyzed and updated previous meta-analyses and performed de novo meta-analyses with recently published prospective studies, where appropriate. We calculated the summary effect size, 95% prediction confidence intervals, between-study heterogeneity, small-study effects, and excess significance bias for each health outcome. We identified 54 eligible articles of meta-analyses/pooled analyses. After adding newly published original articles, we performed 35 updated meta-analyses and 4 de novo meta-analyses. Together with 8 previous meta-analyses, we finally included 47 unique health outcomes. Cheese consumption was inversely associated with all-cause mortality (highest compared with lowest category: RR = 0.95; 95% CI: 0.92, 0.99), cardiovascular mortality (RR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.88, 0.99), incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) (RR = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.89, 0.96), coronary heart disease (CHD) (RR = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.86, 0.98), stroke (RR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.89, 0.98), estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) breast cancer (RR = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.82, 0.97), type 2 diabetes (RR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.88, 0.98), total fracture (RR = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.86, 0.95), and dementia (RR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.66, 0.99). Null associations were found for other outcomes. According to the NutriGrade scoring system, moderate quality of evidence was observed for inverse associations of cheese consumption with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, incident CVD, CHD, and stroke, and for null associations with cancer mortality, incident hypertension, and prostate cancer. Our findings suggest that cheese consumption has neutral to moderate benefits for human health.
(Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

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Keywords: all-cause mortality; cancer; cardiovascular disease; cheese consumption; fracture; metabolic disease; umbrella review; updated meta-analyses

Date Created: 20230616 Date Completed: 20230918 Latest Revision: 20230925

20231215

PMC10509445

10.1016/j.advnut.2023.06.007

37328108