Seroprevalence and clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children with cystic fibrosis.

Publisher: Wiley-Liss Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8510590 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1099-0496 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10990496 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Pediatr Pulmonol Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: <2005-> : Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Liss
Original Publication: [Philadelphia, PA] : W.B. Saunders, [c1985-

COVID-19*/epidemiology ; Cystic Fibrosis*/complications ; Cystic Fibrosis*/epidemiology; Adolescent ; Humans ; Child ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Immunoglobulin G

Background: People with cystic fibrosis (PwCF) have chronic lung disease and may be at increased risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to determine seroprevalence and clinical characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in children with cystic fibrosis (CF), and to assess antibody responses following SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination.
Methods: Children and adolescents with CF followed at Seattle Children's Hospital were enrolled between July 20, 2020 and February 28, 2021. SARS-CoV-2 serostatus was determined on enrollment at 6 and 11 months (±2 months) for nucleocapsid and spike IgG. Participants completed intake and weekly surveys inquiring about SARS-CoV-2 exposures, viral/respiratory illnesses, and symptoms.
Results: Of 125 PwCF enrolled, 14 (11%) had positive SARS-CoV-2 antibodies consistent with recent or past infection. Seropositive participants were more likely to identify as Hispanic (29% vs. 8%, p = 0.04) and have pulmonary exacerbations requiring oral antibiotics in the year prior (71% vs. 41%, p = 0.04). Five seropositive individuals (35.7%) were asymptomatic, while six (42.9%) reported mild symptoms, primarily cough and nasal congestion. Antispike protein IgG levels were approximately 10-fold higher in participants following vaccination compared with participants who had natural infection alone (p < 0.0001) and resembled levels previously reported in the general population.
Conclusions: A majority of PwCF have mild or no symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 making it difficult to distinguish from baseline respiratory symptoms. Hispanic PwCF may be disproportionately impacted, consistent with racial and ethnic COVID-19 disparities among the general US population. Vaccination in PwCF generated antibody responses similar to those previously reported in the general population.
(© 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

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UL1 TR002319 United States TR NCATS NIH HHS

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; antibodies; cystic fibrosis; patient symptoms; seroprevalence

0 (Immunoglobulin G)

Date Created: 20230614 Date Completed: 20230821 Latest Revision: 20230821

20230822

10.1002/ppul.26528

37314149