Bacterium of one thousand and one variants: genetic diversity of Neisseria gonorrhoeae pathogenicity.

Publisher: Microbiology Society Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101671820 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2057-5858 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20575858 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Microb Genom Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: Oct. 2015- : [London] : Microbiology Society
Original Publication: [London] : Society for General Microbiology, [2015]-

Neisseria gonorrhoeae*/genetics ; Gonorrhea*/microbiology; Humans ; Virulence/genetics ; Genetic Variation ; Virulence Factors/genetics ; Virulence Factors/metabolism

The bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae causes the sexually transmitted infection gonorrhoea. Although diverse clinical manifestations are associated with gonorrhoea, ranging from asymptomatic through to localized and disseminated infection, very little is known about the bacterial determinants implicated in causing such different clinical symptoms. In particular, virulence factors, although defined and investigated in particular strains, often lack comprehensive analysis of their genetic diversity and how this relates to particular disease states. This review examines the clinical manifestations of gonorrhoea and discusses them in relation to disease severity and association with expression of particular virulence factors including PorB, lipooligosaccharide (LOS) and Opa, both in terms of their mechanisms of action and inter- and intra-strain variation. Particular attention is paid to phase variation as a key mechanism of genetic variation in the gonococcus and the impact of this during infection. We describe how whole-genome-sequence-based approaches that focus on virulence factors can be employed for vaccine development and discuss whether whole-genome-sequence data can be used to predict the severity of gonococcal infection.

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United Kingdom WT_ Wellcome Trust; 214374/Z/18/Z United Kingdom WT_ Wellcome Trust

Keywords: Neisseria gonorrhoeae; genome; immune evasion; pathogenesis; variation

0 (Virulence Factors)

Date Created: 20230607 Date Completed: 20230609 Latest Revision: 20230710

20250114

PMC10327513

10.1099/mgen.0.001040

37285200