Engineering osmolysis susceptibility in Cupriavidus necator and Escherichia coli for recovery of intracellular products.

Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101139812 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1475-2859 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14752859 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Microb Cell Fact Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2002-

Cupriavidus necator*/metabolism ; Escherichia coli Proteins*/genetics ; Escherichia coli Proteins*/metabolism; Animals ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Escherichia coli/metabolism ; Ion Channels/genetics ; Sodium Chloride/pharmacology ; Bacteria/metabolism ; Water ; Mammals/metabolism

Background: Intracellular biomacromolecules, such as industrial enzymes and biopolymers, represent an important class of bio-derived products obtained from bacterial hosts. A common key step in the downstream separation of these biomolecules is lysis of the bacterial cell wall to effect release of cytoplasmic contents. Cell lysis is typically achieved either through mechanical disruption or reagent-based methods, which introduce issues of energy demand, material needs, high costs, and scaling problems. Osmolysis, a cell lysis method that relies on hypoosmotic downshock upon resuspension of cells in distilled water, has been applied for bioseparation of intracellular products from extreme halophiles and mammalian cells. However, most industrial bacterial strains are non-halotolerant and relatively resistant to hypoosmotic cell lysis.
Results: To overcome this limitation, we developed two strategies to increase the susceptibility of non-halotolerant hosts to osmolysis using Cupriavidus necator, a strain often used in electromicrobial production, as a prototypical strain. In one strategy, C. necator was evolved to increase its halotolerance from 1.5% to 3.25% (w/v) NaCl through adaptive laboratory evolution, and genes potentially responsible for this phenotypic change were identified by whole genome sequencing. The evolved halotolerant strain experienced an osmolytic efficiency of 47% in distilled water following growth in 3% (w/v) NaCl. In a second strategy, the cells were made susceptible to osmolysis by knocking out the large-conductance mechanosensitive channel (mscL) gene in C. necator. When these strategies were combined by knocking out the mscL gene from the evolved halotolerant strain, greater than 90% osmolytic efficiency was observed upon osmotic downshock. A modified version of this strategy was applied to E. coli BL21 by deleting the mscL and mscS (small-conductance mechanosensitive channel) genes. When grown in medium with 4% NaCl and subsequently resuspended in distilled water, this engineered strain experienced 75% cell lysis, although decreases in cell growth rate due to higher salt concentrations were observed.
Conclusions: Our strategy is shown to be a simple and effective way to lyse cells for the purification of intracellular biomacromolecules and may be applicable in many bacteria used for bioproduction.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)

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NNX17AJ31G United States NASA NASA

Keywords: Adaptive laboratory evolution; Bacteria cell lysis; Bioseparations; Mechanosensitive channel; Osmolysis

0 (Ion Channels)
451W47IQ8X (Sodium Chloride)
0 (Escherichia coli Proteins)
059QF0KO0R (Water)
0 (MscL protein, E coli)

Date Created: 20230412 Date Completed: 20230414 Latest Revision: 20230919

20231215

PMC10091555

10.1186/s12934-023-02064-8

37046248