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Viral Preservation with Protein-Supplemented Nebulizing Media in Aerosols.
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- Author(s): Humphrey B;Humphrey B; Tezak M; Tezak M; Lobitz M; Lobitz M; Hendricks A; Hendricks A; Sanchez A; Sanchez A; Zenker J; Zenker J; Storch S; Storch S; Davis RD; Davis RD; Ricken B; Ricken B; Cahill J; Cahill J
- Source:
Applied and environmental microbiology [Appl Environ Microbiol] 2023 Mar 29; Vol. 89 (3), pp. e0154522. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Mar 01.- Publication Type:
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.- Language:
English - Source:
- Additional Information
- Source: Publisher: American Society for Microbiology Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7605801 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1098-5336 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00992240 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Appl Environ Microbiol Subsets: MEDLINE
- Publication Information: Original Publication: Washington, American Society for Microbiology.
- Subject Terms:
- Abstract: The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 has emphasized the need for a deeper understanding of infectivity, spread, and treatment of airborne viruses. Bacteriophages (phages) serve as ideal surrogates for respiratory pathogenic viruses thanks to their high tractability and the structural similarities tailless phages bear to viral pathogens. However, the aerosolization of enveloped SARS-CoV-2 surrogate phi6 usually results in a >3-log
10 reduction in viability, limiting its usefulness as a surrogate for aerosolized coronavirus in "real world" contexts, such as a sneeze or cough. Recent work has shown that saliva or artificial saliva greatly improves the stability of viruses in aerosols and microdroplets relative to standard dilution/storage buffers like suspension medium (SM) buffer. These findings led us to investigate whether we could formulate media that preserves the viability of phi6 and other phages in artificially derived aerosols. Results indicate that SM buffer supplemented with bovine serum albumin (BSA) significantly improves the recovery of airborne phi6, MS2, and 80α and outperforms commercially formulated artificial saliva. Particle sizing and acoustic particle trapping data indicate that BSA supplementation dose-dependently improves viral survivability by reducing the extent of particle evaporation. These data suggest that our viral preservation medium may facilitate a lower-cost alternative to artificial saliva for future applied aerobiology studies. IMPORTANCE We have identified common and inexpensive lab reagents that confer increased aerosol survivability on phi6 and other phages. Our results suggest that soluble protein is a key protective component in nebulizing medium. Protein supplementation likely reduces exposure of the phage to the air-water interface by reducing the extent of particle evaporation. These findings will be useful for applications in which researchers wish to improve the survivability of these (and likely other) aerosolized viruses to better approximate highly transmissible airborne viruses like SARS-CoV-2. - References: Curr Protoc Microbiol. 2020 Jun;57(1):ecpmc105. (PMID: 32475066)
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Sci Rep. 2020 Dec 29;10(1):22419. (PMID: 33376251) - Contributed Indexing: Keywords: AGI; BSA; MS2; impinger; nebulizer; phi6; phiX174; surrogate
- Accession Number: 0 (Saliva, Artificial)
- Publication Date: Date Created: 20230301 Date Completed: 20230331 Latest Revision: 20230416
- Publication Date: 20231215
- Accession Number: PMC10057872
- Accession Number: 10.1128/aem.01545-22
- Accession Number: 36856430
- Source:
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