Linking Diabetes to Alzheimer's Disease: Potential Roles of Glucose Metabolism and Alpha-Glucosidase.

Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Country of Publication: United Arab Emirates NLM ID: 101157239 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1875-6190 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1570159X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Curr Neuropharmacol Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Sharjah, U.A.E. ; San Francisco, CA : Bentham Science Publishers, c2003-

Alzheimer Disease*/etiology ; Alzheimer Disease*/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*/metabolism ; Hyperglycemia*/complications ; Hyperglycemia*/metabolism; Animals ; alpha-Glucosidases/metabolism ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism ; Brain/metabolism ; Glucose/metabolism

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are more prevalent with ageing and cause a substantial global socio-economic burden. The biology of these two conditions is well elaborated, but whether AD and type 2 DM arise from coincidental roots in ageing or are linked by pathophysiological mechanisms remains unclear. Research findings involving animal models have identified mechanisms shared by both AD and type 2 DM. Deposition of β-amyloid peptides and formation of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles are pathological hallmarks of AD. Type 2 DM, on the other hand, is a metabolic disorder characterised by hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance. Several studies show that improving type 2 DM can delay or prevent the development of AD, and hence, prevention and control of type 2 DM may reduce the risk of AD later in life. Alpha-glucosidase is an enzyme that is commonly associated with hyperglycaemia in type 2 DM. However, it is uncertain if this enzyme may play a role in the progression of AD. This review explores the experimental evidence that depicts the relationship between dysregulation of glucose metabolism and AD. We also delineate the links between alpha-glucosidase and AD and the potential role of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors in treating AD.
(Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected].)

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Keywords: Alpha-glucosidase; Alzheimer’s disease; amyloid beta-peptides; apolipoprotein E; diabetes mellitus; hyperglycaemia; tau proteins

EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-Glucosidases)
0 (Amyloid beta-Peptides)
IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose)

Date Created: 20221114 Date Completed: 20230823 Latest Revision: 20240216

20240216

PMC10556372

10.2174/1570159X21999221111102343

36372924