Guiding proposition setting in forensic DNA interpretation.

Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9508563 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1876-4452 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13550306 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Justice Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: London : Elsevier
Original Publication: Harrogate, North Yorkshire, UK ; Middlesex, NJ : The Society, c1995-

DNA Fingerprinting* ; DNA*/genetics; Humans ; Likelihood Functions ; Bayes Theorem ; Microsatellite Repeats

There is a general reluctance to use conditioning profiles when forming propositions for cases where the evidence is a DNA mixture. However, the use of conditioning profiles improves the ability to differentiate true from false donors. There are at least four situations where this decision making is at its most difficult. These are:Rigorous mathematical treatment, given by Slooten and others, appears to offer strong guidance for these situations. This treatment assumes that the prior probabilities for conditioning, or not conditioning, on any individual are not extreme. It is when these prior probabilities appear ambiguous that the decision to condition or not can appear to be problematic. This is often the situation found in casework. In this paper we attempt to show that such situations may benefit most from following such guidance. A lower bound on the Bayes factor can be obtained by finding the highest LR that includes the POI and dividing by the highest LR that does not include the POI. These two highest LRs may be found with and without the disputed conditioning profile. The resultant lower bound is on the BF for the inclusion of the POI without directly assuming the disputed conditioning profile. Adopting this approach would both minimize adventitious inclusions and approximate an exhaustive set of propositions.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2022 The Chartered Society of Forensic Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Keywords: Conditioning; Forensic DNA mixture interpretation; Probabilistic genotyping

9007-49-2 (DNA)

Date Created: 20221106 Date Completed: 20221108 Latest Revision: 20221108

20221213

10.1016/j.scijus.2022.08.002

36336447