Vergence eye movements impairments in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Pergamon Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0376331 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-1379 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00223956 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Psychiatr Res Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Oxford : Pergamon Press
    • Subject Terms:
      Bipolar Disorder*/complications ; Schizophrenia*/complications; Humans ; Eye Movements
    • Abstract:
      One of the most evaluated eye tracking tasks in schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are smooth pursuit eye movements. They rely on the maintenance of slowly moving object on the fovea. While most of the studies evaluated tracking of a target that moves in the fronto-parallel plane, only two assessed vergence eye movements (VEM), which relies on the pursuit of object that moves in depth. The aim of our study was to compare VEM performance in SZ and BD. We evaluated 28 SZ patients, 32 BD patients and 25 healthy controls (HC). Participants underwent thorough optometric examination before eye tracking task. VEM were measured with the use of infrared eye tracker and dedicated vergence stimuli generator. SZ patients showed higher mean break and recovery points of fusion and shorter correct tracking time than HC. BD individuals revealed tracking accuracy deficits and higher number of saccades than HC. Compared to BD, SZ patients showed decrease of maximal convergence and divergence. Moreover, they presented tracking accuracy deficits of non-dominant eye: altered eyes positioning error during convergence and divergence gain. Exploratory analysis revealed significant gender differences between groups in terms of binocular VEM parameters. In this study we have recognized pattern of eye movement disturbances differentiating abovementioned groups. SZ patients showed decreased vergence tracking range with shorter tracking time and impaired accuracy of non-dominant eye, while BD patients showed higher number of saccades with decreased tracking accuracy. Neuroimaging studies are necessary to identify neuronal underpinnings of VEM impairments in SZ and BD.
      Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None to declare.
      (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Affective disorders; Movement disorders; Oculometry; Optometry
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20221102 Date Completed: 20221215 Latest Revision: 20230119
    • Publication Date:
      20231215
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.10.042
    • Accession Number:
      36323140