Association of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors With Incident Atrial Fibrillation in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.

Publisher: American Medical Association Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101729235 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2574-3805 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 25743805 NLM ISO Abbreviation: JAMA Netw Open Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Chicago, IL : American Medical Association, [2018]-

Atrial Fibrillation*/complications ; Atrial Fibrillation*/drug therapy ; Atrial Fibrillation*/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*/drug therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*/epidemiology ; Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors*/therapeutic use ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors*/therapeutic use; Aged ; Cohort Studies ; Dipeptidyl-Peptidases and Tripeptidyl-Peptidases/therapeutic use ; Female ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use ; Male ; Medicare ; Peptides/therapeutic use ; Sodium/therapeutic use ; United States

Importance: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) have demonstrated many cardiovascular and kidney function benefits for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the results of SGLT-2i use in primary prevention of atrial fibrillation (AF) were inconsistent in clinical trials, and incident AF was not a prespecified end point.
Objective: To examine incident AF with initiation of an SGLT-2i compared with initiation of a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP-4i) or a glucagonlike peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) among older adults (aged ≥66 years) with T2D in routine clinical practice.
Design, Setting, and Participants: A population-based new-user cohort study included older adults with T2D who had no history of AF and were enrolled in Medicare fee-for-service from April 1, 2013, to December 31, 2018. Data analysis was performed from June 28 to December 1, 2021.
Exposures: To control for potential confounding, new users of SGLT-2i were 1:1 propensity score (PS)-matched to new users of DPP-4is or GLP-1RAs in 2 pairwise comparisons based on 138 baseline covariates.
Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was incident AF, defined as an inpatient diagnosis code for AF. Hazard ratios (HRs) and rate differences (RDs) per 1000 person-years, with their 95% CIs, were estimated in the PS-matched groups.
Results: New users of SGLT-2is were 1:1 PS-matched to new users of a DPP-4i (n = 74 868) or GLP-1RA (n = 80 475). Overall, the mean (SD) age of study participants was 72 (5) years, and 165 984 were women (53.4%). The risk of incident AF was lower in the SGLT-2i group than the matched DPP-4i group (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.76 to 0.89; RD, -3.7; 95% CI, -5.2 to -2.2 per 1000 person-years) or the matched GLP-1RA group (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.83 to 0.98; RD, -1.8; 95% CI, -3.2 to -0.3 per 1000 person-years). Results were consistent across several sensitivity and subgroup analyses.
Conclusions and Relevance: The findings of this study suggest that the initiation of an SGLT-2i was associated with a reduced risk of incident AF compared with a DPP-4i or GLP-1RA. The results may be helpful when weighing the potential risks and benefits of various glucose level-lowering agents in older adults with T2D.

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K08 AG055670 United States AG NIA NIH HHS

0 (Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors)
0 (Hypoglycemic Agents)
0 (Peptides)
0 (Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors)
9NEZ333N27 (Sodium)
EC 3.4.14.- (Dipeptidyl-Peptidases and Tripeptidyl-Peptidases)
IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose)

Date Created: 20221011 Date Completed: 20221013 Latest Revision: 20221030

20240628

PMC9554705

10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.35995

36219443