Study on release and occurrence of typical metals in corrosion products of drinking water distribution systems under stagnation conditions.

Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 9441769 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1614-7499 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09441344 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: <2013->: Berlin : Springer
Original Publication: Landsberg, Germany : Ecomed

Drinking Water* ; Water Pollutants, Chemical*/analysis ; Metals, Heavy*; Water Supply ; Corrosion ; Cadmium ; Lead

Metal contaminants in corrosion products of drinking water distribution systems (DWDS) can be released into potable water under specific conditions, thereby polluting drinking water and posing a health risk. Under stagnation conditions, the release characteristics, occurring forms, and environmental risks of ten metals were determined in loose and tubercle scale solids of an unlined cast iron pipe with a long service history, before and after immersion. Most Al, As, Cr, Fe, and V in corrosion scales existed in the residual fraction, with the released concentration and pollution risk being low. Since more than 59% of Ca in pipe scales existed in the exchangeable fraction, Ca release was high. Although the Pb and Cd content of corrosion solids was low, a high proportion of Pb and Cd was present in non-residual fractions with high mobility. Sudden severe Pb or Cd pollution events in DWDS could result in high pollution and environmental risk levels. The total content and released amount of Mn and Zn in corrosion scales were both high. Therefore, while special attention should be paid to Mn and Zn, Pb and Cd also present a high risk in pipe scales, despite their low concentrations. During stagnation immersion, metal release from powdered pipe scales occurred via the processes of mass release, re-adsorption into scales, and slow release until equilibrium was reached. The levels of metal re-adsorption into scales were much higher than the concentrations dissolved into bulk water. However, the amount of metal re-adsorption into tubercle scale blocks was less. Importantly, these findings highlight that during DWDS operation, the sudden release of metal pollutants caused by pipe scale breakage should be avoided.
(© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

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51778409 National Natural Science Foundation of China

Keywords: Corrosion products; Drinking water distribution system; Heavy metal release; Occurrence form; Tessier sequential extraction

0 (Drinking Water)
00BH33GNGH (Cadmium)
2P299V784P (Lead)
0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
0 (Metals, Heavy)

Date Created: 20220927 Date Completed: 20230210 Latest Revision: 20240227

20240227

10.1007/s11356-022-23151-0

36166128