Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) of the ocular lens.

Publisher: Pergamon Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9431859 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-1635 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13509462 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Prog Retin Eye Res Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: Oxford : Pergamon
Original Publication: Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press c1994-

Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans*/genetics ; Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans*/metabolism ; Lens, Crystalline*/metabolism; Signal Transduction ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins

Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) reside in most cells; on their surface, in the pericellular milieu and/or extracellular matrix. In the eye, HSPGs can orchestrate the activity of key signalling molecules found in the ocular environment that promote its development and homeostasis. To date, our understanding of the specific roles played by individual HSPG family members, and the heterogeneity of their associated sulfated HS chains, is in its infancy. The crystalline lens is a relatively simple and well characterised ocular tissue that provides an ideal stage to showcase and model the expression and unique roles of individual HSPGs. Individual HSPG core proteins are differentially localised to eye tissues in a temporal and spatial developmental- and cell-type specific manner, and their loss or functional disruption results in unique phenotypic outcomes for the lens, and other ocular tissues. More recent work has found that different HS sulfation enzymes are also presented in a cell- and tissue-specific manner, and that disruption of these different sulfation patterns affects specific HS-protein interactions. Not surprisingly, these sulfated HS chains have also been reported to be required for lens and eye development, with dysregulation of HS chain structure and function leading to pathogenesis and eye-related phenotypes. In the lens, HSPGs undergo significant and specific changes in expression and function that can drive pathology, or in some cases, promote tissue repair. As master signalling regulators, HSPGs may one day serve as valuable biomarkers, and even as putative targets for the development of novel therapeutics, not only for the eye but for many other systemic pathologies.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors have declared that no conflict of interest exists and have no financial disclosures.
(Crown Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

0 (Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans)
0 (Extracellular Matrix Proteins)

Date Created: 20220906 Date Completed: 20230310 Latest Revision: 20230310

20240829

10.1016/j.preteyeres.2022.101118

36068128