Innate immunity and protective effects of orally administered betaine against viral and bacterial diseases in the olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck & Schlegel).

Publisher: Blackwell Scientific Publications Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9881188 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1365-2761 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01407775 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Fish Dis Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Oxford, Blackwell Scientific Publications.

Bacterial Infections* ; Enterobacteriaceae Infections*/prevention & control ; Enterobacteriaceae Infections*/veterinary ; Fish Diseases*/drug therapy ; Fish Diseases*/prevention & control ; Flounder*; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Betaine/pharmacology ; Edwardsiella tarda ; Immunity, Innate ; Muramidase

Sustainable methods that increase farmed fish yield while controlling infections are required to prevent economic losses in aquaculture farms. In this study, we evaluated the effects of betaine-supplemented (0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1.0%) feed on the growth and immunity of the olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Feed conversion ratios, post-infection cumulative mortality rates and innate immune responses were monitored. Weight gain was significantly higher with 0.5% and 1.0% than with 0% and 0.1% betaine-supplemented feed. Lysozyme activity was highest with 1.0% betaine. Respiratory burst activity was highest with 0.5% and 1.0% betaine. Serum bactericidal activity against Edwardsiella tarda was highest with 1.0% betaine (40% increase in survival rates compared with those in the control). Furthermore, serum virucidal activity against the viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) was higher with 1.0% betaine than with other concentrations. With 0.5% and 1.0% betaine, the survival rates against VHSV were higher than those in the control until day 11, after which they declined. Our study suggests that betaine is a promising agent for promoting the growth of and enhancing immunity against E. tarda in olive flounders. Our findings may further contribute to developing necessary alternatives to conventional antibiotics in fish farming.
(© 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

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Sun Moon University

Keywords: Edwardsiella tarda; betaine; farmed fish; innate immunity; olive flounder; pathogen infection

0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
3SCV180C9W (Betaine)
EC 3.2.1.17 (Muramidase)

Date Created: 20220808 Date Completed: 20221014 Latest Revision: 20221014

20240829

10.1111/jfd.13700

35934929