Assessing the risk factors for myocardial infarction in diet-induced prediabetes: myocardial tissue changes.

Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100968539 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-2261 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14712261 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Cardiovasc Disord Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2001-

Myocardial Infarction*/metabolism ; Prediabetic State*/diagnosis ; Prediabetic State*/etiology; Animals ; Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects ; Glutathione/adverse effects ; Glutathione/metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Malondialdehyde/metabolism ; Myocardium/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; Peroxides/adverse effects ; Peroxides/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Risk Factors ; Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism ; Troponin

Background: Hyperglycaemia is known to result in oxidative stress tissue injury and dysfunction. Interestingly, studies have reported hepatic and renal oxidative stress injury during prediabetes; however, any injury to the myocardium during prediabetes has not been investigated. Hence this study aims to assess changes in the myocardial tissue in an HFHC diet-induced model of prediabetes.
Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly grouped into non-prediabetes and prediabetes (n = 6 in each group) and consumed a standard rat chow or fed a high-fat-high-carbohydrate diet respectively for a 20-week prediabetes induction period. Post induction, prediabetes was confirmed using the ADA criteria. Aldose reductase, NADH oxidase 1, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxide, cardiac troponins were analysed in cardiac tissue homogenate using specific ELISA kits. Lipid peroxidation was estimated by determining the concentration of malondialdehyde in the heart tissue homogenate according to the previously described protocol. Myocardial tissue sections were stained with H&E stain and analysed using Leica microsystem. All data were expressed as means ± SEM. Statistical comparisons were performed with Graph Pad instat Software using the Student's two-sided t-test. Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated to assess the association. Value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The prediabetes group showed a markedly high oxidative stress as indicated by significantly increased NADH oxidase 1 and malondialdehyde while superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxide were decreased compared to non-prediabetes group. There was no statistical difference between cardiac troponin I and T in the non-prediabetes and prediabetes groups. Cardiac troponins had a weak positive association with glycated haemoglobin.
Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that prediabetes is associated with myocardial injury through oxidative stress. Future studies are to investigate cardiac contractile function and include more cardiac biomarkers.
(© 2022. The Author(s).)

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Keywords: Antioxidant; Myocardial injury; NADH oxidase; Oxidative stress; Polyol pathway; Prediabetes

0 (Peroxides)
0 (Troponin)
4Y8F71G49Q (Malondialdehyde)
EC 1.15.1.1 (Superoxide Dismutase)
GAN16C9B8O (Glutathione)

Date Created: 20220802 Date Completed: 20220804 Latest Revision: 20220809

20240829

PMC9347129

10.1186/s12872-022-02758-8

35918636