Does diet influence aging? Evidence from animal studies.

Publisher: Blackwell Scientific Publications Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8904841 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1365-2796 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09546820 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Intern Med Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications, c1989-

Aging* ; Diet*; Animals ; Humans ; Longevity ; Energy Intake ; Obesity

Nutrition profoundly influences the risk for many age-related diseases. Whether nutrition influences human aging biology directly is less clear. Studies in different animal species indicate that reducing food intake ("caloric restriction" [CR]) can increase lifespan and delay the onset of diseases and the biological hallmarks of aging. Obesity has been described as "accelerated aging" and therefore the lifespan and health benefits generated by CR in both aging and obesity may occur via similar mechanisms. Beyond calorie intake, studies based on nutritional geometry have shown that protein intake and the interaction between dietary protein and carbohydrates influence age-related health and lifespan. Studies where animals are calorically restricted by providing free access to diluted diets have had less impact on lifespan than those studies where animals are given a reduced aliquot of food each day and are fasting between meals. This has drawn attention to the role of fasting in health and aging, and exploration of the health effects of various fasting regimes. Although definitive human clinical trials of nutrition and aging would need to be unfeasibly long and unrealistically controlled, there is good evidence from animal experiments that some nutritional interventions based on CR, manipulating dietary macronutrients, and fasting can influence aging biology and lifespan.
(© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Internal Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Association for Publication of The Journal of Internal Medicine.)

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#1149976 National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia; program grant #1149976 National Health and Medical Research Council

Keywords: aging; caloric restriction; fasting; nutritional geometry; obesity

Date Created: 20220614 Date Completed: 20240315 Latest Revision: 20240315

20240315

10.1111/joim.13530

35701180