Circulating Trends of Influenza and Other Seasonal Respiratory Viruses among the US Department of Defense Personnel in the United States: Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101238455 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1660-4601 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 16604601 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Environ Res Public Health Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel : MDPI, c2004-

COVID-19*/epidemiology ; Influenza, Human*/epidemiology ; Viruses*; Humans ; Pandemics ; Seasons ; United States/epidemiology

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the circulation of influenza and other seasonal respiratory viruses in the United States. All data were obtained from the US Department of Defense Global Respiratory Pathogen Surveillance Program over five consecutive respiratory seasons from 2016-2017 through to 2020-2021. A total of 62,476 specimens were tested for seasonal respiratory viruses. The circulating patterns of seasonal respiratory viruses have been greatly altered during the pandemic. The 2019-2020 influenza season terminated earlier compared to the pre-pandemic seasons, and the 2020-2021 influenza season did not occur. Moreover, weekly test positivity rates dramatically decreased for most of the seasonal respiratory viruses from the start of the pandemic through spring 2021. After the easing of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), circulations of seasonal coronavirus, parainfluenza, and respiratory syncytial virus have returned since spring 2021. High rhinovirus/enterovirus activity was evident throughout the 2020-2021 respiratory season. The findings suggest a strong association between the remarkably changed activity of seasonal respiratory viruses and the implementation of NPIs during the COVID-19 pandemic. The NPIs may serve as an effective public health tool to reduce transmissions of seasonal respiratory viruses.

Lancet Reg Health Eur. 2021 Jul;6:100112. (PMID: 34124707)
Euro Surveill. 2021 Jul;26(29):. (PMID: 34296672)
PLoS One. 2021 Jun 18;16(6):e0253451. (PMID: 34143839)
Euro Surveill. 2020 Nov;25(47):. (PMID: 33243355)
Nature. 2020 Sep;585(7825):410-413. (PMID: 32365354)
Lancet Respir Med. 2020 Dec;8(12):e92-e93. (PMID: 33289636)
Annu Rev Virol. 2020 Sep 29;7(1):83-101. (PMID: 32196426)
Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Nov 2;73(9):e2829-e2830. (PMID: 33594407)
Microbiol Spectr. 2021 Oct 31;9(2):e0043021. (PMID: 34494861)
Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2021 Sep;15(5):573-576. (PMID: 33955176)
Nat Commun. 2021 Feb 12;12(1):1001. (PMID: 33579926)
Lancet Reg Health Am. 2021 Oct;2:100043. (PMID: 34430955)
Pediatrics. 2021 Sep;148(3):. (PMID: 34108234)
Euro Surveill. 2021 Jul;26(29):. (PMID: 34296675)
Biology (Basel). 2021 Jul 31;10(8):. (PMID: 34439965)
Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Jul 1;73(1):e132-e140. (PMID: 32472687)
Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Dec 16;73(12):2365-2366. (PMID: 33735388)
Lancet Reg Health Am. 2021 Sep;1:100015. (PMID: 34386788)
Sci Rep. 2021 May 24;11(1):10730. (PMID: 34031515)
Nature. 2020 Aug;584(7820):257-261. (PMID: 32512579)
Euro Surveill. 2021 Jul;26(29):. (PMID: 34296674)
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021 Jul 23;70(29):1013-1019. (PMID: 34292924)
Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2020 Nov;4(11):e42-e43. (PMID: 32956616)
Nat Commun. 2021 May 31;12(1):3249. (PMID: 34059675)
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020 Sep 18;69(37):1305-1309. (PMID: 32941415)
Science. 2021 Jun 4;372(6546):1043-1044. (PMID: 34083477)
Clin Microbiol Rev. 2013 Jan;26(1):135-62. (PMID: 23297263)
Euro Surveill. 2021 Jun;26(22):. (PMID: 34085632)
Mayo Clin Proc. 2021 Dec;96(12):3042-3052. (PMID: 34863395)

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; influenza; pandemic; respiratory virus; surveillance

Date Created: 20220528 Date Completed: 20220531 Latest Revision: 20220716

20221213

PMC9141702

10.3390/ijerph19105942

35627483