Genetic Characterization of Small Ruminant Lentiviruses (SRLVs) Circulating in Naturally Infected Sheep in Central Italy.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101509722 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1999-4915 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19994915 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Viruses Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI
    • Subject Terms:
    • Abstract:
      Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) represent a very heterogeneous group of ss-RNA viruses that infect sheep and goats worldwide. They cause important, deleterious effects on animal production and limit the animal trade. SRLVs show a high genetic variability due to high mutation rate and frequent recombination events. Indeed, five genotypes (A-E) and several subtypes have been detected. The aim of this work was to genetically characterize SRLVs circulating in central Italy. On this basis, a phylogenetic study on the gag-pol genetic region of 133 sheep, collected from 19 naturally infected flocks, was conducted. In addition, to evaluate the frequency of mutation and the selective pressure on this region, a WebLogo 3 analysis was performed, and the dN/dS ratio was computed. The results showed that 26 samples out of 133 were clustered in genotype A and 106 samples belonged to genotype B, as follows: A9 ( n = 8), A11 ( n = 10), A24 ( n = 7), B1 ( n = 2), B2 ( n = 59), and B3 ( n = 45). No recombination events were found. Mutations were localized mainly in the VR-2 region, and the dN/dS ratio of 0.028 indicated the existence of purifying selection. Since the genetic diversity of SRLVs could make serological identification difficult, it is important to perform molecular characterization to ensure a more reliable diagnosis, to maintain flock health status, and for the application of local and national control programs.
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    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: WebLogo analysis; dN/dS ratio; genotypes; pairwise distance; phylogenetic analysis; sheep; small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20220423 Date Completed: 20220426 Latest Revision: 20220716
    • Publication Date:
      20240829
    • Accession Number:
      PMC9032261
    • Accession Number:
      10.3390/v14040686
    • Accession Number:
      35458416