Recent advances in the metabolic pathways and microbial production of coenzyme Q.

Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 9012472 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1573-0972 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09593993 NLM ISO Abbreviation: World J Microbiol Biotechnol Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: 2005- : Berlin : Springer
Original Publication: Oxford, OX, UK : Published by Rapid Communications of Oxford Ltd in association with UNESCO and in collaboration with the International Union of Microbiological Societies, c1990-

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins*/genetics ; Ubiquinone*; Antioxidants/metabolism ; Humans ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism

Coenzyme Q (CoQ) serves as an electron carrier in aerobic respiration and has become an interesting target for biotechnological production due to its antioxidative effect and benefits in supplementation to patients with various diseases. Here, we review discovery of the pathway with a particular focus on its superstructuration and regulation, and we summarize the metabolic engineering strategies for overproduction of CoQ by microorganisms. Studies in model microorganisms elucidated the details of CoQ biosynthesis and revealed the existence of multiprotein complexes composed of several enzymes that catalyze consecutive reactions in the CoQ pathways of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli. Recent findings indicate that the identity and the total number of proteins involved in CoQ biosynthesis vary between species, which raises interesting questions about the evolution of the pathway and could provide opportunities for easier engineering of CoQ production. For the biotechnological production, so far only microorganisms have been used that naturally synthesize CoQ 10 or a related CoQ species. CoQ biosynthesis requires the aromatic precursor 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and the prenyl side chain that defines the CoQ species. Up to now, metabolic engineering strategies concentrated on the overproduction of the prenyl side chain as well as fine-tuning the expression of ubi genes from the ubiquinone modification pathway, resulting in high CoQ yields. With expanding knowledge about CoQ biosynthesis and exploration of new strategies for strain engineering, microbial CoQ production is expected to improve.
(© 2022. The Author(s).)

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ANR-19-CE44-0014 ANR; ANR-19-CE44-0014 ANR; NRF-2018R1D1A1B07047207 NRF-Korea; NRF-2016K1A3A1A04940618 NRF-Korea; MOBKOR BMBF; 34.EFRE0300095/1703FI04 EFRE; 34.EFRE0300095/1703FI04 EFRE

Keywords: Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10); Corynebacterium glutamicum; Escherichia coli; Metabolic engineering; Q complex; Ubi super complex; Yeast

0 (Antioxidants)
0 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins)
1339-63-5 (Ubiquinone)

Date Created: 20220218 Date Completed: 20220221 Latest Revision: 20220329

20240829

PMC8854274

10.1007/s11274-022-03242-3

35178585