Beyond fragmentation and towards universal coverage: insights from Ghana, South Africa and the United Republic of Tanzania.

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  • Additional Information
    • Subject Terms:
      MEDICAL care financing; PUBLIC finance; SOCIAL integration; PUBLIC health; MEDICAL care costs; MEDICAL economics
    • Subject Terms:
      GHANA; TANZANIA; SOUTH Africa
    • Abstract:
      The article reports on the framework for analyzing healthcare financing in terms of its key functions particularly the development of fragmentation and how Ghana, South Africa, and the United Republic of Tanzania has attempted to address the arising equity challenges. The analysis showed that South Africa has made the least progress in addressing fragmentation, while Ghana appears to be questing for a universal coverage policy. The author notes on the need to achieve integration of financing mechanisms to promote universal cover with strong income and risk to cross subsidize in the health system.