Case Report: Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis Following COVID-19 Vaccination.

Item request has been placed! ×
Item request cannot be made. ×
loading   Processing Request
Read More Add to Saved list
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation] Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101560960 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1664-3224 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 16643224 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Front Immunol Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: [Lausanne : Frontiers Research Foundation]
    • Subject Terms:
      Autoantibodies/*blood ; Autoantibodies/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Autoimmune Diseases/*immunology ; BNT162 Vaccine/*adverse effects ; COVID-19/*prevention & control ; Encephalitis/*immunology ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/*immunology ; SARS-CoV-2/*immunology ; Vaccination/*adverse effects; Autoantibodies/immunology ; Autoimmune Diseases/blood ; Autoimmune Diseases/cerebrospinal fluid ; Autoimmune Diseases/drug therapy ; COVID-19/virology ; Cognitive Dysfunction/blood ; Cognitive Dysfunction/cerebrospinal fluid ; Cognitive Dysfunction/drug therapy ; Cognitive Dysfunction/immunology ; Encephalitis/blood ; Encephalitis/cerebrospinal fluid ; Encephalitis/drug therapy ; Glucocorticoids/administration & dosage ; Humans ; Hyponatremia/blood ; Hyponatremia/cerebrospinal fluid ; Hyponatremia/drug therapy ; Hyponatremia/immunology ; Male ; Methylprednisolone/administration & dosage ; Middle Aged ; Prednisone/administration & dosage ; Treatment Outcome
    • Abstract:
      Anti-leucine rich glioma inactivated 1 (LGI1) autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is characterized by cognitive impairment or rapid progressive dementia, psychiatric disorders, faciobrachial dystonic seizures (FBDS) and refractory hyponatremia. Since December 2020, millions of people worldwide have been vaccinated against COVID-19. Several soft neurological symptoms like pain, headache, dizziness, or muscle spasms are common and self-limited adverse effects after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. However, several major neurological complications, despite the unproven causality, have been reported since the introduction of the COVID-19 vaccine. Herein, we describe a 48 years old man presenting with rapidly progressive cognitive decline and hyponatremia diagnosed with anti LGI1 AE, occurring shortly after the second dose of mRNA COVID -19 vaccine and possibly representing a severe adverse event related to the vaccination. Response to high dose steroid therapy was favorable. As millions of people worldwide are currently receiving COVID-19 vaccinations, this case should serve to increase the awareness for possible rare autoimmune reactions following this novel vaccination in general, and particularly of anti-LGI1 AE.
      Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
      (Copyright © 2022 Zlotnik, Gadoth, Abu-Salameh, Horev, Novoa and Ifergane.)
    • References:
      Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021 Sep;69:102803. (PMID: 34512961)
      BMC Neurol. 2019 Feb 7;19(1):19. (PMID: 30732585)
      Patient Saf Surg. 2021 May 1;15(1):20. (PMID: 33933145)
      Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2014 Jul;72(7):496-9. (PMID: 25054980)
      J Neuroimmunol. 2021 Sep 15;358:577661. (PMID: 34284342)
      Brain. 2010 Sep;133(9):2734-48. (PMID: 20663977)
      Brain. 2018 Feb 1;141(2):348-356. (PMID: 29272336)
      Cureus. 2018 Apr 20;10(4):e2511. (PMID: 29930889)
      Rev Neurol (Paris). 2018 Apr;174(4):228-236. (PMID: 29609960)
      Lancet Neurol. 2011 Aug;10(8):759-72. (PMID: 21777830)
      Eur J Neurol. 2022 Feb;29(2):555-563. (PMID: 34668274)
      Ann Neurol. 2021 May;89(5):856-857. (PMID: 33710649)
      J Clin Neurosci. 2008 Dec;15(12):1315-22. (PMID: 18976924)
      J Neurol Sci. 2018 Aug 15;391:12-14. (PMID: 30103960)
      J Neuroimmunol. 2015 Dec 15;289:84-6. (PMID: 26616875)
      eNeurologicalSci. 2020 Dec;21:100275. (PMID: 32984561)
      Cureus. 2021 Jul 4;13(7):e16172. (PMID: 34367780)
      NPJ Vaccines. 2019 Sep 24;4:39. (PMID: 31583123)
      Drug Saf. 2009;32(4):309-23. (PMID: 19388722)
      Ann Neurol. 2021 Sep;90(3):506-511. (PMID: 34324214)
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: COVID-19 vaccination; COVID-19 vaccination adverse effect; anti-LGI1 autoimmune encephalitis; autoimmune encephalitis (AE); case report
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Autoantibodies)
      0 (Glucocorticoids)
      0 (Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins)
      0 (LGI1 protein, human)
      N38TVC63NU (BNT162 Vaccine)
      VB0R961HZT (Prednisone)
      X4W7ZR7023 (Methylprednisolone)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20220124 Date Completed: 20220208 Latest Revision: 20220208
    • Publication Date:
      20240628
    • Accession Number:
      PMC8766789
    • Accession Number:
      10.3389/fimmu.2021.813487
    • Accession Number:
      35069602