Dynamic reconfiguration of frequency-specific cortical coactivation patterns during psychedelic and anesthetized states induced by ketamine.

Publisher: Academic Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9215515 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1095-9572 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10538119 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Neuroimage Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Orlando, FL : Academic Press, c1992-

Anesthetics, Dissociative/*pharmacology ; Brain Waves/*drug effects ; Cerebral Cortex/*drug effects ; Consciousness/*drug effects ; Electroencephalography/*methods ; Ketamine/*pharmacology ; Wakefulness/*drug effects; Adult ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthetics, Dissociative/administration & dosage ; Humans ; Ketamine/administration & dosage

Recent neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that spontaneous brain activity exhibits rich spatiotemporal structure that can be characterized as the exploration of a repertoire of spatially distributed patterns that recur over time. The repertoire of brain states may reflect the capacity for consciousness, since general anesthetics suppress and psychedelic drugs enhance such dynamics. However, the modulation of brain activity repertoire across varying states of consciousness has not yet been studied in a systematic and unified framework. As a unique drug that has both psychedelic and anesthetic properties depending on the dose, ketamine offers an opportunity to examine brain reconfiguration dynamics along a continuum of consciousness. Here we investigated the dynamic organization of cortical activity during wakefulness and during altered states of consciousness induced by different doses of ketamine. Through k-means clustering analysis of the envelope data of source-localized electroencephalographic (EEG) signals, we identified a set of recurring states that represent frequency-specific spatial coactivation patterns. We quantified the effect of ketamine on individual brain states in terms of fractional occupancy and transition probabilities and found that ketamine anesthesia tends to shift the configuration toward brain states with low spatial variability. Furthermore, by assessing the temporal dynamics of the occurrence and transitions of brain states, we showed that subanesthetic ketamine is associated with a richer repertoire, while anesthetic ketamine induces dynamic changes in brain state organization, with the repertoire richness evolving from a reduced level to one comparable to that of normal wakefulness before recovery of consciousness. These results provide a novel description of ketamine's modulation of the dynamic configuration of cortical activity and advance understanding of the neurophysiological mechanism of ketamine in terms of the spatial, temporal, and spectral structures of underlying whole-brain dynamics.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

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R01 GM111293 United States GM NIGMS NIH HHS

Keywords: Electroencephalography; General anesthesia; Ketamine; Psychedelic

0 (Anesthetics, Dissociative)
690G0D6V8H (Ketamine)

Date Created: 20220110 Date Completed: 20220307 Latest Revision: 20220402

20231215

PMC8903080

10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.118891

35007718