ASSESSMENT OF QUALITATIVE CHANGES IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD CELLS IN CHILDREN - RESIDENTS OF RADIOLOGICALLY CONTAMINATED TERRITORIES IN THE LATE PERIOD AFTER THE ChNPP ACCIDENT.

OTsINKA IaKISNYKh ZMIN V ELEMENTAKh PERYFERYChNOÏ KROVI U DITEĬ – MEShKANTsIV RADIOAKTYVNO ZABRUDNENYKh TERYTORIĬ U VIDDALENYĬ PERIOD PISLIa AVARIÏ NA ChAES.

Publisher: Naukovyĭ t︠s︡entr radiat︠s︡iĭnoï medyt︠s︡yny AMN Ukraïny Country of Publication: Ukraine NLM ID: 101560511 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2313-4607 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 23048336 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Kyïv : Naukovyĭ t︠s︡entr radiat︠s︡iĭnoï medyt︠s︡yny AMN Ukraïny

Chernobyl Nuclear Accident* ; Radiation, Ionizing*; Blood/*radiation effects ; Hematologic Diseases/*blood ; Hematologic Diseases/*physiopathology ; Radiation Exposure/*adverse effects ; Radiation Injuries/*blood ; Thyroid Gland/*radiation effects; Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Radiation Injuries/physiopathology ; Radiation Monitoring/statistics & numerical data ; Ukraine/epidemiology

Objective: to establish the relationship between quantitative and qualitative parameters of peripheral blood cells(lymphocytes, neutrophilic granulocytes, monocytes, platelets) depending on the type of somatic diseases andannual internal radiation doses from 137Cs in children - residents of radiologically contaminated territories in thelate period after the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant (ChNPP) accident.
Materials and Methods: There were 175 children included in the study comprising residents of radiologically con-taminated territories (n = 79) aged from 4 to 18 years. Annual internal radiation doses in children from 137Cs rangedfrom 0.004 to 0.067 mSv. Certain blood parameters were assessed in a comparative mode in children having got theradiation doses up to 0.01 mSv and higher. The comparison group (n = 96) included children living in settlementsnot attributed to the radiologically contaminated ones. Incidence and type of somatic diseases and its impact onquantitative and qualitative changes in blood parameters (i.e. lymphocyte, neutrophilic granulocyte, monocyte, andplatelet count) were studied. The cell size, state of nucleus, membranes and cytoplasm, signs of proliferative anddegenerative processes were taken into account.
Results: Incidence and type of somatic diseases in children did not depend on the annual internal radiation dose.Number of cases of monocytosis was significantly higher among the children exposed to ionizing radiation than inthe comparison group (16.6 % vs. 7.3 %). There were, however, no correlation between these changes and radiationdoses. Number of activated blood monocytes with cytoplasmic basophilia and residues of nucleoli in nuclei washigher in individuals with internal radiation doses > 0.01 mSv. A direct correlation between the qualitative param-eters of monocytes and internal radiation doses was established (rs = 0.60; р < 0.001), as well as a direct correlationof different strength between qualitative parameters of blood cells, indicating their unidirectional pattern depend-ing on the somatic morbid conditions. Regardless of annual internal radiation dose, there was an increase in thenumber of degenerative and aberrant cells vs. the comparison group (р < 0.05), which could be due to the role ofnon-radiation factors.
Conclusions: Results of the assessment of quantitative and qualitative parameters of peripheral blood cells reflect-ed the state of morbid conditions in children and are of a diagnostic value. The identified dose-dependent changesin monocyte lineage of hematopoiesis may be the markers of impact of long-term radionuclide incorporation withfood in children living in environmentally unfavorable conditions after the ChNPP accident.
(V. G. Bebeshko, K. M. Bruslova, L. O. Lyashenko, T. I. Pushkariova, N. M. Tsvetkova, S. G. Galkina, V. V. Vasylenko, Zh. S. Yaroshenko, A. L. Zaitseva, L. O. Gonchar, S. M. Yatsemirskyi.)

Keywords: annual internal radiation dose from 137Cs; children; lymphocytes; monocytes; neutrophilic granulocytes; peripheral blood; platelets; qualitative signs
Local Abstract: [Publisher, Ukrainian] Meta: vstanovyty zv’iazok mizh kil'kisnymy ta iakisnymy pokaznykamy elementiv peryferychnoï krovi (limfotsyta-my, neĭtrofilamy, monotsytamy, trombotsytamy) zalezhno vid vydu somatychnoï patologiï i richnykh doz vnutrishn'o-go oprominennia vid 137Cs diteĭ – meshkantsiv radioaktyvno zabrudnenykh terytoriĭ u viddalenyĭ period pisliaavariï na ChAES. Materialy i metody. Obstezheno 175 diteĭ. 79 diteĭ – meshkantsi radioaktyvno zabrudnenykh terytoriĭ, vikom vid4 do 18 rokiv. Richni dozy vnutrishn'ogo oprominennia diteĭ vid 137Cs kolyvalys' vid 0,004 mZv do 0,067 mZv. Pro-vedena porivnial'na otsinka vyznachenykh pokaznykiv krovi u diteĭ z dozamy oprominennia do 0,01 mZv ta vyshchymy.Grupu porivniannia sklaly 96 diteĭ – z chysla meshkantsiv naselenykh punktiv, iaki ne vidneseni do radioaktyvno zab-rudnenykh. Vyvchaly chastotu ta typ somatychnoï patologiï i ïï vplyv na kil'kisni ta iakisni zminy pokaznykiv krovi(limfotsyty, neĭtrofily, monotsyty, trombotsyty). Braly do uvagy rozmiry klityn, stan iadra, membrany ta tsytop-lazmy, oznaky proliferatyvnykh i degeneratyvnykh protsesiv. Rezul'taty. Chastota ta vyd somatychnoï patologiï u diteĭ ne zalezhaly vid richnoï dozy vnutrishn'ogo oprominennia.Chyslo diteĭ z monotsytozamy bulo dostovirno bil'shym sered oprominenykh diteĭ, nizh v grupi porivniannia (16,6 %proty 7,3 %), khocha tsi zminy ne koreliuvaly z dozamy oprominennia. Kil'kist' aktyvovanykh monotsytiv u krovi z ba-zofiliieiu tsytoplazmy i zalyshkamy nukleol v iadri bula bil'shoiu u osib z dozamy vnutrishn'ogo oprominennia, vy-shchymy za 0,01 mZv. Vstanovleno priamyĭ koreliatsiĭnyĭ zv’iazok mizh iakisnymy oznakamy monotsytiv z dozamyvnutrishn'ogo oprominennia dytyny (rs = 0,60; r <0,001), a takozh vyznacheni priami koreliatsiĭni zv’iazky riznogo stu-penia tisnoty mizh iakisnymy oznakamy v elementakh krovi, shcho svidchat' pro ïkhniu odnospriamovanu napravlenist' za-lezhno vid patologichnykh staniv v organizmi. Nezalezhno vid richnoï dozy vnutrishn'ogo oprominennia diteĭ spos-terigalos' zbil'shennia chysla degeneratyvnykh ta aberantnykh klityn, porivniano z grupoiu porivniannia (r < 0,05),shcho, mozhlyvo, pov’iazano z vplyvom neradiatsiĭnykh chynnykiv. Vysnovky. Rezul'taty otsinky kil'kisnykh ta iakisnykh pokaznykiv v elementakh peryferychnoï krovi vidobrazhaiut'stan patologichnykh protsesiv v organizmi dytyny i maiut' diagnostychnu tsinnist'. Vyznacheni dozozalezhni zminy umonotsytarniĭ lantsi gemopoezu mozhut' buty markeramy vplyvu tryvalogo nadkhodzhennia radionuklidiv z produk-tamy kharchuvannia u diteĭ, iaki prozhyvaiut' v ekologichno nespryiatlyvykh umovakh pislia avariï na ChAES.

Date Created: 20211229 Date Completed: 20220218 Latest Revision: 20220218

20250114

10.33145/2304-8336-2021-26-297-308

34965556