Judicial judgment and media sensation of violence against medical staff in China: A fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA).

Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science

Criminal Law* ; Mass Media* ; Medical Staff*; Workplace Violence/*legislation & jurisprudence; China ; Humans

Introduction: Violence against medical staff has been prevalent in China over the past two decades. Although Chinese authorities have released many laws and regulations to protect medical staff from violence since 2011, the legal approach alone is unlikely to resolve this complex issue. In particular, several cases of violence against medical staff in China have caused great media sensation.
Method: This paper proposes an integrated model that combines the environmental stimuli theory, broken windows theory, and rational choice theory. It adopts the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to untangle the causal relationship between violence against medical staff, media sensation, and judicial judgment. We examined reports of medical violence on media and news websites from January 1, 2010, to January 31, 2020, and selected 50 cases with detailed information for this study.
Results: The results show that each condition is not sufficient for the absence of judicial judgment, but when combined, they are conducive to the outcome. The conditions of hospital level, medical cost, and media sensation play important roles. The providers, patients, and environmental factors are indicators of inadequate or lack of judicial judgment, which corresponds to previous expectations.
Conclusions: The integrated model greatly enriches the extant theories and literature, and also yields implications for preventing violence against medical staff in China. We suggest that sustainable and innovative healthcare reform should be initiated. For example, public hospitals should remain the cornerstone of national public health security. Medical staff in public hospitals must be regarded as "civil servants". Therefore, the current legal system should be improved. The media should objectively report events concerning medical staff and improve public healthcare knowledge.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Policy Polit Nurs Pract. 2018 Aug-Nov;19(3-4):57-71. (PMID: 30335573)
Soc Sci Med. 2020 Jan;245:112717. (PMID: 31837634)
Australas Emerg Care. 2018 Nov;21(4):159-170. (PMID: 30998892)
Int Emerg Nurs. 2018 Jul;39:2-12. (PMID: 28927973)
Am J Ind Med. 2011 Dec;54(12):925-34. (PMID: 21739469)
Medicine (Baltimore). 2015 Nov;94(45):e2026. (PMID: 26559306)
J Clin Nurs. 2011 Apr;20(7-8):1072-85. (PMID: 20846214)
BMC Health Serv Res. 2020 Mar 18;20(1):225. (PMID: 32183806)
Lancet. 2020 Jan 11;395(10218):90. (PMID: 31929017)
J Family Med Prim Care. 2021 Jan;10(1):35-40. (PMID: 34017700)
BMJ Open. 2019 Sep 20;9(9):e031513. (PMID: 31542763)
Saf Health Work. 2021 Jun;12(2):249-254. (PMID: 34178404)
Heliyon. 2019 Mar 02;5(3):e01283. (PMID: 30886929)
Lancet. 2015 Oct 10;386(10002):1441-2. (PMID: 26466038)
Lancet. 2013 Nov 23;382(9906):1703-4. (PMID: 24267999)
J Clin Med. 2018 May 28;7(6):. (PMID: 29843360)
J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv. 2016 Sep 1;54(9):31-6. (PMID: 27576226)
Public Health. 2021 Jul;196:186-197. (PMID: 34246105)
J Med Internet Res. 2021 Feb 16;23(2):e19651. (PMID: 33591282)
BMJ Open. 2017 Jul 28;7(7):e016290. (PMID: 28756386)
Occup Environ Med. 2019 Dec;76(12):927-937. (PMID: 31611310)
BMJ Open. 2017 Dec 7;7(12):e017182. (PMID: 29222134)
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 12;18(6):. (PMID: 33809244)
Bull World Health Organ. 2017 Jun 01;95(6):430-436. (PMID: 28603309)
J Gerontol Nurs. 2003 Mar;29(3):28-35. (PMID: 12683305)
SAGE Open Nurs. 2021 Mar 23;7:23779608211003819. (PMID: 35155768)
BMJ Open. 2014 Dec 31;4(12):e006431. (PMID: 25552614)
Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020 Oct 02;13:1869-1877. (PMID: 33061720)
Cureus. 2020 Sep 14;12(9):e10453. (PMID: 33072461)
Australas Emerg Nurs J. 2016 May;19(2):75-81. (PMID: 26012889)
J Adv Nurs. 2002 Aug;39(3):230-40. (PMID: 12121523)
Healthcare (Basel). 2021 Jun 28;9(7):. (PMID: 34203141)
BMC Fam Pract. 2013 Nov 24;14:178. (PMID: 24267614)
Trauma Violence Abuse. 2020 Jul;21(3):498-509. (PMID: 29806556)
Nurs Health Sci. 2017 Jun;19(2):183-187. (PMID: 27688004)
Int J Nurs Stud. 2019 Jun;94:120-130. (PMID: 30951987)
Int Emerg Nurs. 2014 Oct;22(4):232-3. (PMID: 24768530)
BMC Health Serv Res. 2020 Mar 26;20(1):253. (PMID: 32216766)
BMJ Open. 2020 Dec 30;10(12):e046620. (PMID: 33380488)
BMC Health Serv Res. 2017 May 19;17(1):363. (PMID: 28526035)
Int J Nurs Stud. 2018 May;81:21-29. (PMID: 29427832)
Hum Resour Health. 2019 Dec 26;17(1):103. (PMID: 31878939)
J Law Med Ethics. 2005 Fall;33(3):456-77. (PMID: 16240729)
BMC Fam Pract. 2016 May 12;17:54. (PMID: 27175735)
BMJ Open. 2018 Aug 17;8(8):e022455. (PMID: 30121612)
Med Lav. 2021 Feb 23;112(1):68-81. (PMID: 33635296)
J Interpers Violence. 2020 Jan;35(1-2):496-509. (PMID: 29294631)
BMJ Open. 2015 Mar 26;5(3):e006719. (PMID: 25814496)
Br J Nurs. 2009 Apr 23-May 13;18(8):476, 478-83. (PMID: 19377393)
J Thorac Dis. 2014 Jun;6(6):E141-5. (PMID: 24977026)
BMC Health Serv Res. 2014 Sep 13;14:390. (PMID: 25218509)
J Pak Med Assoc. 2011 Nov;61(11):1163-4. (PMID: 22126009)
Dev World Bioeth. 2018 Mar;18(1):16-25. (PMID: 28886233)
Dev World Bioeth. 2018 Mar;18(1):26-36. (PMID: 28922547)
Chin Med J (Engl). 2017 Jul 20;130(14):1731-1736. (PMID: 28685725)
BMJ Open. 2017 Jul 12;7(7):e015458. (PMID: 28706096)
Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020 Oct 09;13:2057-2065. (PMID: 33116986)
Med J Aust. 2005 Oct 3;183(7):362-5. (PMID: 16201954)
Pak J Med Sci. 2015 Jan-Feb;31(1):4-8. (PMID: 25878605)
N Engl J Med. 2016 Apr 28;374(17):1661-9. (PMID: 27119238)
PLoS One. 2018 Dec 10;13(12):e0208693. (PMID: 30532213)
Health Policy. 2003 Mar;63(3):311-21. (PMID: 12595130)
Eur J Intern Med. 2018 Apr;50:e9-e10. (PMID: 29395934)
PLoS One. 2017 Jun 13;12(6):e0179373. (PMID: 28609441)
BMC Pediatr. 2019 Apr 5;19(1):94. (PMID: 30953552)
PLoS One. 2015 Nov 16;10(11):e0142954. (PMID: 26571388)
Soc Sci Med. 2014 Dec;123:64-71. (PMID: 25462606)
PLoS One. 2015 May 06;10(5):e0126092. (PMID: 25946020)
New Solut. 2020 Feb;29(4):487-503. (PMID: 31841060)
Lancet. 2014 Sep 13;384(9947):955. (PMID: 25220973)
Int Emerg Nurs. 2009 Apr;17(2):122-7. (PMID: 19341998)
Patient Educ Couns. 2015 Jun 23;:. (PMID: 26162956)
BMJ Glob Health. 2018 Sep 19;3(5):e000854. (PMID: 30258653)
PLoS One. 2020 Nov 23;15(11):e0242781. (PMID: 33227018)
Tenn Nurse. 2013 Fall;76(3):1-2. (PMID: 24069834)
Work. 2015;51(1):67-71. (PMID: 24939109)
J Forensic Leg Med. 2019 Oct;67:1-6. (PMID: 31352158)
Int Emerg Nurs. 2014 Jul;22(3):134-9. (PMID: 24168911)
Int J Qual Health Care. 2017 Oct 01;29(6):867-873. (PMID: 29025020)
PLoS One. 2018 Oct 8;13(10):e0203794. (PMID: 30296299)
J Nurs Manag. 2019 May;27(4):781-791. (PMID: 30784135)
Med Sci Law. 2021 Jan;61(1):74-75. (PMID: 32646274)
J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 1999;27(3):407-13. (PMID: 10509940)
J Occup Health. 2008;50(2):201-7. (PMID: 18403873)
J Adv Nurs. 1996 Aug;24(2):326-33. (PMID: 8858437)
BMJ. 2020 Aug 11;370:m3088. (PMID: 32784200)

Date Created: 20211022 Date Completed: 20211203 Latest Revision: 20240403

20240403

PMC8535389

10.1371/journal.pone.0259014

34679107