Social isolation and its impact on child and adolescent development: a systematic review.

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  • Author(s): Almeida ILL;Almeida ILL; Rego JF; Rego JF; Teixeira ACG; Teixeira ACG; Moreira MR; Moreira MR
  • Source:
    Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo [Rev Paul Pediatr] 2021 Oct 04; Vol. 40, pp. e2020385. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Oct 04 (Print Publication: 2021).
  • Publication Type:
    Journal Article; Systematic Review
  • Language:
    English; Portuguese
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Sociedade De Pediatria De Sao Paulo Country of Publication: Brazil NLM ID: 9109353 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1984-0462 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01030582 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Rev Paul Pediatr Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: 2017- : Sao Paulo : Sociedade De Pediatria De Sao Paulo
      Original Publication: Sao Paulo : Sociedade De Pediatria De Sao Paulo
    • Subject Terms:
      Adolescent Development* ; Child Development*; Adolescent Behavior/*psychology ; COVID-19/*psychology ; Child Behavior/*psychology ; Social Isolation/*psychology; Adolescent ; Child ; Humans ; Mental Health/statistics & numerical data ; Social Change
    • Abstract:
      Objective: This study aims to analyze the effects of social isolation on children's and teenagers' development, with emphasis on the possible impacts over their physical and mental health.
      Data Source: Review of the literature following the standards of PRISMA using the SciELO, LILACS and PubMed databases. The following key-words were used: "social isolation" and "child development", "quarantine" and "adolescent development" according to the Medical Subject Headings (MESH) and their translation to the Portuguese. Studies in English, Portuguese and Spanish from inception were included.
      Data Synthesis: 519 studies were screened and 12 were included in the systematic review. Five of those focused the psychology and social issues, two of them the effects of pandemics on these issues; four studies reported on impacts on general health and two consequences over the hypothalamus- hypophysis - adrenal axis and the cognitive and social development.
      Conclusions: The review shows a strong association between social isolation and anxiety and depression in children and adolescents. Social isolation leads to higher levels of cortisol and worse cognitive development. Therefore, the mental and physical health of children and adolescents need a careful follow up by health professionals during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
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    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20211006 Date Completed: 20211013 Latest Revision: 20240817
    • Publication Date:
      20240817
    • Accession Number:
      PMC8543788
    • Accession Number:
      10.1590/1984-0462/2022/40/2020385
    • Accession Number:
      34614137