Typing of inflammatory lesions of the pituitary.

Publisher: Kluwer Academic Publishers Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9814578 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1573-7403 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1386341X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Pituitary Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Norwell, MA : Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998-

Central Nervous System Cysts* ; Craniopharyngioma* ; Pituitary Diseases*/epidemiology ; Pituitary Neoplasms*; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pituitary Gland

Inflammatory pituitary lesions account for 1.8% of all specimens from the German Pituitary Tumor Registry. They occure in 0.5% of the autoptical specimens and in 2.2% of the surgical cases. Women are significantly more often affected than men and are often younger when first diagnosed. In general, primary and secondary inflammation can be distinguished, with secondary types occurring more frequently (75.1%) than idiopathic inflammatory lesions (15.4%). In primary inflammation, the lymphocytic type is more common (88.5%) than the granulomatous type of hypophysitis (11.5%). The most common causes of secondary inflammation are Rathke's cleft cysts (48.6%), followed by tumors (17.4%) such as the craniopharyngioma (9.1%), adenoma (5.5%) or germinoma (2.0%). More causes are tumor-like lesions (7.1%) such as xanthogranuloma (3.5%) or Langerhans histiocytosis (3.5%), abscesses (5.5%), generalized infections (5.1%), spreaded inflammations (4.7%) and previous surgeries (4.0%). In 1.6% of all specimens the reason for the inflammation remains unclear. The described classification of hypophysitis is important for specific treatment planning after surgery.
(© 2021. The Author(s).)

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Keywords: Classification; Hypophysitis; Pathology; Pituitary

Date Created: 20210831 Date Completed: 20220209 Latest Revision: 20220224

20231215

PMC8821060

10.1007/s11102-021-01180-1

34463941