Arterial Vascular Structures Running Through Retrotransverse Foramen and Retrotransverse Groove of the Atlas Vertebrae.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101528275 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1878-8769 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 18788750 NLM ISO Abbreviation: World Neurosurg Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: New York : Elsevier
    • Subject Terms:
      Anatomic Variation*; Cervical Atlas/*anatomy & histology ; Foramen Magnum/*anatomy & histology; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arteries/abnormalities ; Arteries/anatomy & histology ; Cervical Atlas/abnormalities ; Cervical Atlas/blood supply ; Cervical Vertebrae/surgery ; Computed Tomography Angiography ; Female ; Foramen Magnum/abnormalities ; Foramen Magnum/blood supply ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Vertebral Artery/abnormalities ; Vertebral Artery/anatomy & histology ; Young Adult
    • Abstract:
      Objective: Retrotransverse foramen (RTF) and retrotransverse groove (RTG) are anatomic variations of the atlas (C1) vertebrae. RTF contains an anastomotic vein connecting atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axodian venous sinuses. The purpose of this study was to analyze the arterial vascular structures running though the RTF and RTG.
      Methods: Three-dimensional volume rendered computed tomography angiography (3D VR CTA) images of 427 patients (264 men, 163 women; age 17-87 years) were reviewed and evaluated using the RadiAnt DICOM Viewer (version 5.0.2; Medixant, Poznan, Poland). The incidence of RTF or RTG, the incidence of the V3 segment of vertebral artery variants, and the artery vascular structures inside the RTF and RTG anatomic variation of C1 were analyzed.
      Results: Fifty (11.7%) atlases presented RTF anatomical variant; 113 (26.5%) atlases presented RTG anatomical variants. The incidence of the V3 segment of vertebral artery variants was 0.94% (4 of 427). Three (0.7%) were persistent first intersegmental artery and 1 (0.2%) was the fenestration of the vertebral artery on left side. In 4 cases of C1 vertebral artery V3 segmental variants, there were no RTF and RTG. No artery vascular structure was found in RTF or RTG.
      Conclusions: The RTF or RTG of C1 was a common anatomical variant. No arterial vascular structure runs though the RTF or RTG. The presence of C1 RTF and RTG variants had no effect on the V3 segmental course of the vertebral artery. Preoperative understanding of these variations using 3D CTA are helpful for the safe execution of the upper cervical posterior approach surgeries.
      (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Anatomic variations; Atlas; C1; Computed tomography angiography; Retrotransverse foramen; Retrotransverse groove; Vertebral artery injury
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20210722 Date Completed: 20211217 Latest Revision: 20211217
    • Publication Date:
      20231215
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.wneu.2021.07.056
    • Accession Number:
      34293524