Heat stress-mediated effects on the morphophysiological, biochemical, and ultrastructural parameters of germinating Melanoxylon brauna Schott. seeds.

Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 9880970 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1432-203X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 07217714 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Plant Cell Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Berlin ; New York : Springer, 1981-

Fabaceae/*physiology ; Heat-Shock Response/*physiology ; Plant Proteins/*metabolism ; Seeds/*physiology ; Seeds/*ultrastructure; Antioxidants/metabolism ; Carotenoids/metabolism ; Enzymes/metabolism ; Fabaceae/ultrastructure ; Fatty Acids/metabolism ; Germination ; Glucose/metabolism ; Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism ; Malondialdehyde/metabolism ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Mitochondria/ultrastructure ; Oxidative Stress ; Superoxides/metabolism

Key Message: The present study showed that the heat stress (40 °C) caused changes in morphophysiological, biochemical, and ultrastructural parameters to the seeds Melanoxylon brauna, ultimately leading to loss of germination capacity. Temperature is an abiotic factor that influences seed germination. In the present study, we investigated morphophysiological, biochemical, and ultrastructural changes during the germination of Melanoxylon brauna seeds under heat stress. Seed germination was evaluated at constant temperatures of 25 and 40 °C. The samples consisted of seeds soaked in distilled and ionized water for 48 and 96 h at both temperatures. For the evaluation of internal morphology, the seeds were radiographed. Ultrastructural parameters were assessed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glucose, carbonylated proteins, and activity of the enzymes (superoxide dismutase-SOD, ascorbate peroxidase-APX, catalase-CAT, peroxidase-POX, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-G6PDH, lipase, α- and β-amylase, and protease) were measured by spectrophotometric analysis. An 82% reduction in the germination of M. brauna seeds was observed at 25 °C, and 0% at 40 °C. TEM showed that seeds submitted to heat stress (40 °C) had poorly developed mitochondria and significantly reduced respiration rates. The content of ROS and protein carbonylation in seeds subjected to 40 °C increased compared to that at 25 °C. The activity of antioxidant enzymes, namely SOD, APX, CAT, and POX, was significantly reduced in seeds subjected to heat stress. Glucose content, G6PDH, and lipase activity also decreased when the seeds were exposed to heat stress. Conversely, α- and β-amylase enzymes and the protease increased due to the increase in temperature. Our data showed that the increase in temperature caused an accumulation of ROS, increasing the oxidative damage to the seeds, which led to mitochondrial dysfunction, ultimately leading to loss of germination.
(© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

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Keywords: Anti-oxidative enzymes; High temperatures; Mitochondria; Reserve enzymes; Respiratory rate

0 (Antioxidants)
0 (Enzymes)
0 (Fatty Acids)
0 (Plant Proteins)
11062-77-4 (Superoxides)
36-88-4 (Carotenoids)
4Y8F71G49Q (Malondialdehyde)
BBX060AN9V (Hydrogen Peroxide)
IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose)

Date Created: 20210628 Date Completed: 20210831 Latest Revision: 20221117

20231215

10.1007/s00299-021-02740-2

34181045