Ozone nanobubble treatments improve survivability of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) challenged with a pathogenic multi-drug-resistant Aeromonas hydrophila.

Publisher: Blackwell Scientific Publications Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9881188 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1365-2761 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01407775 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Fish Dis Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Oxford, Blackwell Scientific Publications.

Aeromonas hydrophila/*drug effects ; Cichlids/*immunology ; Fish Diseases/*microbiology ; Ozone/*pharmacology; Animals ; Aquaculture/methods ; Bacterial Load ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Fish Diseases/immunology ; Gills/drug effects ; Gills/immunology ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/immunology ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/veterinary ; Nanostructures ; Ozone/adverse effects ; Water Microbiology

A rapid increase in multi-drug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in aquaculture highlights the risk of production losses due to diseases and potential public health concerns. Previously, we reported that ozone nanobubbles (NB-O 3 ) were effective at reducing concentrations of pathogenic bacteria in water and modulating fish immunity against pathogens; however, multiple treatments with direct NB-O 3 exposures caused alterations to the gills of exposed fish. Here, we set up a modified recirculation system (MRS) assembled with an NB-O 3 device (MRS-NB-O 3 ) to investigate whether MRS-NB-O 3 (a) were safe for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), (b) were effective at reducing bacterial load in rearing water and (c) improved survivability of Nile tilapia following an immersion challenge with a lethal dose of MDR Aeromonas hydrophila. The results showed no behavioural abnormalities or mortality of Nile tilapia during the 14-day study using the MRS-NB-O 3 system. In the immersion challenge, although high bacterial concentration (~2 × 10 ⁷  CFU/ml) was used, multiple NB-O 3 treatments in the first two days reduced the bacteria between 15.9% and 35.6% of bacterial load in water, while bacterial concentration increased from 13.1% to 27.9% in the untreated control. There was slight up-regulation of non-specific immune-related genes in the gills of the fish receiving NB-O 3 treatments. Most importantly, this treatment significantly improved survivability of Nile tilapia with relative percentage survival (RPS) of 64.7% - 66.7% in treated fish and surviving fish developed specific antibody against MDR A. hydrophila. In summary, the result suggests that NB-O 3 is a promising non-antibiotic approach to control bacterial diseases, including MDR bacteria, and has high potential for application in recirculation aquaculture system (RAS).
(© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

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International Development Research Centre; Chulalongkorn University

Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila; antimicrobial resistance; multidrug resistance; non-antibiotic approach; ozone nanobubbles

66H7ZZK23N (Ozone)

Date Created: 20210611 Date Completed: 20211101 Latest Revision: 20211101

20221213

10.1111/jfd.13451

34114245