Cellular evolution of language.

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  • Author(s): Torday JS;Torday JS
  • Source:
    Progress in biophysics and molecular biology [Prog Biophys Mol Biol] 2021 Dec; Vol. 167, pp. 140-146. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jun 05.
  • Publication Type:
    Letter; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Language:
    English
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Pergamon Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0401233 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-1732 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00796107 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Prog Biophys Mol Biol Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: Oxford : Pergamon Press
      Original Publication: New York.
    • Subject Terms:
      Biological Evolution* ; Language*; Animals ; Humans ; Phenotype
    • Abstract:
      The evolutionary origin of language remains unknown despite many efforts to determine the origin of this signature human trait. Based on epigenetic inheritance, the current article hypothesizes that language evolved from cell-cell communication as the basis for generating structure and function embryologically and phylogenetically, as did all physiologic traits. Beginning with lipids forming the first micelle, a vertical integration of the evolved properties of the cell, from multicellular organisms to the introduction of cholesterol into the cell membrane, to the evolution of the peroxisome, the water-land transition and duplication of the βAdrenergic Receptor, the evolution of endothermy, leading to bipedalism, freeing the forelimbs for toolmaking and language, selection pressure for myelinization of the central nervous system to facilitate calcium flux, bespeaks human expression, culminating in the evolution of civilization. This process is epitomized by the Area of Broca as the structural-functional site for both motor control and language formation. The mechanistic interrelationship between motor control and language formation is underscored by the role of FoxP2 gene expression in both bipedalism and language. The effect of endothermy on bipedalism, freeing the forelimbs for toolmaking and language as the vertical integration from Cosmology to Physiology as the basis for language bespeaks human expression.
      Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The author have no conflict of interest.
      (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Cell-cell communication; Evolution; FoxP2; Language; Ontogeny; Phylogeny
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20210608 Date Completed: 20220128 Latest Revision: 20220128
    • Publication Date:
      20250114
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2021.05.009
    • Accession Number:
      34102232