Hypoxia-induced increase in GABA content is essential for restoration of membrane potential and preventing ROS-induced disturbance to ion homeostasis.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Published by the Plant Communications Shanghai Office in association with Cell Press, an imprint of Elsevier Inc Country of Publication: China NLM ID: 101769147 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2590-3462 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 25903462 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Plant Commun
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: [Shanghai] : Published by the Plant Communications Shanghai Office in association with Cell Press, an imprint of Elsevier Inc., [2020]-
    • Subject Terms:
      Homeostasis* ; Membrane Potentials*; Arabidopsis/*physiology ; Oxygen/*physiology ; Reactive Oxygen Species/*metabolism ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*metabolism; Anaerobiosis ; Ions/metabolism
    • Abstract:
      When plants are exposed to hypoxic conditions, the level of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in plant tissues increases by several orders of magnitude. The physiological rationale behind this elevation remains largely unanswered. By combining genetic and electrophysiological approach, in this work we show that hypoxia-induced increase in GABA content is essential for restoration of membrane potential and preventing ROS-induced disturbance to cytosolic K + homeostasis and Ca 2+ signaling. We show that reduced O 2 availability affects H + -ATPase pumping activity, leading to membrane depolarization and K + loss via outward-rectifying GORK channels. Hypoxia stress also results in H 2 O 2 accumulation in the cell that activates ROS-inducible Ca 2+ uptake channels and triggers self-amplifying "ROS-Ca hub," further exacerbating K + loss via non-selective cation channels that results in the loss of the cell's viability. Hypoxia-induced elevation in the GABA level may restore membrane potential by pH-dependent regulation of H + -ATPase and/or by generating more energy through the activation of the GABA shunt pathway and TCA cycle. Elevated GABA can also provide better control of the ROS-Ca 2+ hub by transcriptional control of RBOH genes thus preventing over-excessive H 2 O 2 accumulation. Finally, GABA can operate as a ligand directly controlling the open probability and conductance of K + efflux GORK channels, thus enabling plants adaptation to hypoxic conditions.
      (© 2021 The Author(s).)
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    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: GORK; H+-ATPase; NADPH oxidase; calcium signaling; potassium homeostasis; reactive oxygen species
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Ions)
      0 (Reactive Oxygen Species)
      56-12-2 (gamma-Aminobutyric Acid)
      S88TT14065 (Oxygen)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20210524 Date Completed: 20220107 Latest Revision: 20220107
    • Publication Date:
      20221213
    • Accession Number:
      PMC8132176
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.xplc.2021.100188
    • Accession Number:
      34027398