Civil Rights and Sports Landmarks: Discrimination, Jobs and Activism in the Construction of Pittsburgh's Three Rivers Stadium.

PENNSYLVANIA; PITTSBURGH (Pa.)

As Pittsburgh's Three Rivers Stadium was built in the late 1960s, civil rights activism was integrated into the construction process of this sports facility. Before groundbreaking, civic leaders responded quickly to minority concerns in symbolic ways, but were slower to implement tangible policy changes. The racial exclusionary hiring practices traditionally employed in the Pittsburgh construction industry virtually guaranteed that the stadium project would serve as a magnet for civil rights protests. Civic activists employed the stadium construction site as a key symbol in their efforts to combat discriminatory hiring practices. This case study illuminates the complexities of Pittsburgh's reactions to racial injustice during a crucial era in the civil rights movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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