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Assessment of Use and Fit of Face Masks Among Individuals in Public During the COVID-19 Pandemic in China.
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- Author(s): Pan X;Pan X;Pan X; Li X; Li X; Li X; Kong P; Kong P; Wang L; Wang L; Deng R; Deng R; Wen B; Wen B; Xiao L; Xiao L; Xiao L; Song H; Song H; Song H; Sun Y; Sun Y; Zhou H; Zhou H; Lu J; Lu J; Wang Y; Wang Y; Guo Q; Guo Q; Duo L; Duo L; Sun C; Sun C
- Source:
JAMA network open [JAMA Netw Open] 2021 Mar 01; Vol. 4 (3), pp. e212574. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 01.- Publication Type:
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't- Language:
English - Source:
- Additional Information
- Source: Publisher: American Medical Association Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101729235 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2574-3805 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 25743805 NLM ISO Abbreviation: JAMA Netw Open Subsets: MEDLINE
- Publication Information: Original Publication: Chicago, IL : American Medical Association, [2018]-
- Subject Terms:
- Abstract: Importance: Face masks are recommended to prevent transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, there is scarce evidence on their protection efficacy and ways to improve it.
Objective: To determine the proportion of improper face mask use, the factors associated with face mask protection efficacy, and ways to improve efficacy.
Design, Setting, and Participants: This population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in China from July to August 2020 in 5 kinds of public places. Participants included convenience samples of individuals wearing face masks and able to taste the check solution.
Exposures: Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, including sex, age, and education level; information on face mask model and the worn duration was recorded.
Main Outcomes and Measures: The main outcome as airtightness, assessed by detecting face-to-face mask gaps, movement of cotton fiber placed at the face mask edges, and using a qualitative fit test with a bitter solution spray. Masks were further assessed for whether sealing the upper face mask edge with an adhesive tape strip was associated with improved face mask airtightness.
Results: Among 6003 face mask wearers enrolled, the mean (SD) age of participants was 31.1 (13.7) years, and 3047 participants (50.8%) were female. The first qualitative fit test found air leakage in 2754 participants (45.9%; 95% CI, 44.6%-47.1%), which was mostly attributable to gaps at the upper face mask edge. After sealing the upper face mask edge with an adhesive tape strip, 69.7% (95% CI, 68.0%-71.5%) of masks that had exhibited leakage became airtight in the second qualitative fit test, and the rate of airtightness reached 96.2% (95% CI, 95.4%-96.8%) in a third qualitative fit test after new surgical face masks with tape on the upper edge were provided to those who had not converted initially. The tape was well tolerated; overall, 6 participants (1.2%) reported a rash and 24 participants (5.8%) reported significant discomfort.
Conclusions and Relevance: In this study of face mask fit among participants in China, although most people used face masks in public places, compromised protection due to suboptimal airtightness was common. The simple approach of sealing the upper edge of the face mask with an adhesive tape strip was associated with substantially improved its airtightness. - References: BMJ. 2020 Mar 31;368:m1316. (PMID: 32234713)
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Lancet. 2020 Jun 27;395(10242):1973-1987. (PMID: 32497510)
Travel Med Infect Dis. 2020 Jul - Aug;36:101816. (PMID: 32645477)
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JAMA. 2020 Jul 7;324(1):94-96. (PMID: 32496504)
Int J Infect Dis. 2016 Feb;43:103-110. (PMID: 26751238)
Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Feb 16;72(4):690-693. (PMID: 32562422)
Lancet Respir Med. 2020 May;8(5):434-436. (PMID: 32203710) - Publication Date: Date Created: 20210311 Date Completed: 20210318 Latest Revision: 20210329
- Publication Date: 20240628
- Accession Number: PMC7953274
- Accession Number: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.2574
- Accession Number: 33704478
- Source:
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