Ascaris suum: development of intestinal immunity to infective second-stage larvae in swine.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Academic Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0370713 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 0014-4894 (Print) Linking ISSN: 00144894 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Exp Parasitol Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: Orlando, FL : Academic Press
      Original Publication: New York.
    • Subject Terms:
      Ascariasis/*veterinary ; Ascaris/*immunology ; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/*veterinary ; Intestines/*immunology ; Swine Diseases/*immunology; Age Factors ; Animals ; Antibodies, Helminth/biosynthesis ; Ascariasis/immunology ; Ascariasis/parasitology ; Ascariasis/pathology ; Ascaris/physiology ; Female ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate ; Immunity, Active ; Immunity, Cellular ; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/immunology ; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology ; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/pathology ; Intestine, Small/pathology ; Intestines/parasitology ; Intestines/pathology ; Larva ; Liver/pathology ; Lung/parasitology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocytes/immunology ; Male ; Swine ; Swine Diseases/parasitology ; Swine Diseases/pathology
    • Abstract:
      The development of protective immunity to Ascaris suum was examined in pigs naturally exposed to eggs on a contaminated dirt lot. Pigs became almost totally immune to second-stage larvae migrating from the intestines because few larvae from a challenge inoculum could be found in the lungs, and liver white-spot lesions (an immunopathologic response to migrating larvae) were absent. Blood from these pigs contained lymphocytes that responded blastogenically to larval antigens in vitro, while the serum contained antibody to larval antigens. Immunity was related to parasite exposure and not to the age of the host, and was not affected by the removal of adult A. suum from the intestines. Naturally exposed pigs responded to a variety of A. suum antigens with an immediate-type skin reactivity, and their intestinal mucosa contained relatively large numbers of mast cells and eosinophils. Other pigs were maintained on a dirt lot not contaminated with A. suum eggs and the effects of common environmental conditions on development of resistance to A. suum were studied. Resistance also developed in these pigs because 72% fewer larvae were detected in their lungs following a challenge exposure than in control pigs confined indoors on concrete floors and challenged similarly. This response was not expressed at the intestinal level, however, because their livers had numerous, intense white-spot lesions. To verify that the intestinal immunity that developed in pigs after natural exposure to A. suum was a direct result of homologous infection and not related to other stimuli encountered on a dirt lot, pigs maintained indoors on concrete floors, free from inadvertent helminthic infection, were inoculated orally with A. suum eggs daily for 16 weeks. Intestinal immunity was induced because larvae from a challenge inoculum were not detected in the lungs, and few white-spot lesions appeared on the livers of these pigs. Apparently, continual exposure of the intestinal mucosa to larvae eventually elicits the appropriate effector components necessary to prevent larval migration from the intestines.
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Antibodies, Helminth)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 19880601 Date Completed: 19880621 Latest Revision: 20190824
    • Publication Date:
      20221208
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/0014-4894(88)90051-3
    • Accession Number:
      3366215