Psychological Adjustment in Spain during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Positive and Negative Mental Health Outcomes in the General Population.

Publisher: Cambridge University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101095192 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1988-2904 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 11387416 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Span J Psychol Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: 2013- : Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
Original Publication: Madrid : Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, c1998-

Adaptation, Psychological* ; Mental Health* ; Psychological Distress*; Anxiety Disorders/*psychology ; COVID-19/*psychology ; Depressive Disorder/*psychology ; Substance-Related Disorders/*psychology; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Anxiety Disorders/diagnosis ; Anxiety Disorders/epidemiology ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Depressive Disorder/diagnosis ; Depressive Disorder/epidemiology ; Female ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Income ; Internet ; Loneliness/psychology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pregnancy ; Quality of Life/psychology ; Risk Factors ; Spain/epidemiology ; Substance-Related Disorders/diagnosis ; Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology ; Young Adult

In the midst of the COVID-19 epidemic, Spain was one of the countries with the highest number of infections and a high mortality rate. The threat of the virus and consequences of the pandemic have a discernible impact on the mental health of citizens. This study aims to (a) evaluate the levels of anxiety, depression and well-being in a large Spanish sample during the confinement, (b) identify potential predictor variables associated to experiencing both clinical levels of distress and well-being in a sample of 2,122 Spanish people. By using descriptive analyses and logistic regression results revealed high rates of depression, anxiety and well-being. Specifically, our findings revealed that high levels of anxiety about COVID-19, increased substance use and loneliness as the strongest predictors of distress, while gross annual incomes and loneliness were strongest predictors of well-being. Finding of the present study provide a better insight about psychological adjustment to a pandemic and allows us to identify which population groups are at risk of experiencing higher levels of distress and which factors contribute to greater well-being, which could help in the treatments and prevention in similar stressful and traumatic situations.

Keywords: COVID–19; anxiety; depression; psychological adjustment; well-being

Date Created: 20210208 Date Completed: 20210212 Latest Revision: 20210212

20221213

10.1017/SJP.2021.7

33551011