Mitochondrial RNA quality control in trypanosomes.

Publisher: Wiley Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101536955 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1757-7012 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17577004 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley, 2010-

Trypanosoma*/genetics ; Trypanosoma brucei brucei*/genetics; Animals ; Humans ; Mitochondria/genetics ; Protozoan Proteins/genetics ; Quality Control ; RNA/genetics ; RNA, Mitochondrial ; RNA, Protozoan

Unicellular parasites Trypanosoma brucei spp. cause African human and animal trypanosomiasis, a spectrum of diseases that jeopardize public health and afflict the economy in sub-Saharan Africa. These hemoflagellates are distinguished by a single mitochondrion, which contains a kinetoplast nucleoid composed of DNA and histone-like proteins. Kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) represents a densely packed network of interlinked relaxed circular molecules: a few ~23-kb maxicircles encoding ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and proteins, and approximately 5,000 1-kb minicircles bearing guide RNA (gRNA) genes. The transcription start site defines the mRNA's 5' terminus while the primary RNA is remodeled into a monocistronic messenger by 3'-5' exonucleolytic trimming, 5' and 3' end modifications, and, in most cases, by internal U-insertion/deletion editing. Ribosomal and guide RNA precursors are also trimmed, and the processed molecules are uridylated. For 35 years, mRNA editing has attracted a major effort, but more recently the essential pre- and postediting processing and turnover events have been discovered and the key effectors have been identified. Among these, pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) RNA binding proteins emerged as conduits coupling modifications of mRNA termini with internal sequence changes introduced by editing. Among 39 annotated PPRs, 20 belong to ribosomal subunits or assembly intermediates, four function as polyadenylation factors, a single factor directs 5' mRNA modification, and one protein is found in F1-ATPase. Nuclear and mitochondrial RNases P consist of a single PPR polypeptide, PRORP1 and PROP2, respectively. Here, we review PPR-mediated mitochondrial processes and discuss their potential roles in mRNA maturation, quality control, translational activation, and decay. This article is categorized under: RNA Processing > Capping and 5' End Modifications RNA Processing > 3' End Processing RNA Processing > RNA Editing and Modification.
(© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

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R01 AI091914 United States AI NIAID NIH HHS; R01 AI101057 United States AI NIAID NIH HHS; R01 AI113157 United States AI NIAID NIH HHS

Keywords: RNA editing; RNA stability; mitochondria; pentatricopeptide proteins; polyadenylation; translation; trypanosome

0 (Protozoan Proteins)
0 (RNA, Mitochondrial)
0 (RNA, Protozoan)
63231-63-0 (RNA)

Date Created: 20201217 Date Completed: 20211210 Latest Revision: 20230103

20231215

PMC9805618

10.1002/wrna.1638

33331073