The immunoenhancement effects of starfish Asterias rollestoni polysaccharides in macrophages and cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression mouse models.

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101549033 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2042-650X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20426496 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Food Funct Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry

Immunosuppression Therapy*; Asterias/*metabolism ; Cyclophosphamide/*adverse effects ; Macrophages/*drug effects ; Macrophages/*immunology ; Polysaccharides/*pharmacology; Animals ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Inflammasomes/metabolism ; Interleukin-1beta/metabolism ; Interleukin-6/metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides/adverse effects ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/metabolism ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism

The water-soluble polysaccharide, SF-2, obtained from starfish (Asterias rollestoni), belongs to the group of polysaccharides known as mannoglucan sulfate. It is composed of mannose as well as glucose and contains 13.85% SO 4 ^2- . We aimed to detect the immunoenhancement effects of SF-2 in macrophages and cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced immunosuppression mouse models. RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were treated with SF-2 for different periods of time (0 h, 0.5 h, 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, and 9 h) and the results showed that SF-2 promoted the production of nitric oxide and up-regulated the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and related proteins, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2, MMP-9, and iNOS in a time-dependent manner. In addition, SF-2 activated NLRP3 inflammasome and the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway, thus promoting its immunoenhancement effects. Moreover, we co-cultured the primary peritoneal macrophages with SF-2 for 6 h and found that SF-2 enhanced the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and the release of cytokines. Furthermore, SF-2 significantly increased the body weight, spleen index, thymus index, and inflammatory cell counts in CYP-induced immunosuppression mouse models. These results indicate that SF-2 is a potential immunoenhancement mediator that acts by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome and MAPK/NF-κB pathway.

0 (Cytokines)
0 (Inflammasomes)
0 (Interleukin-1beta)
0 (Interleukin-6)
0 (Lipopolysaccharides)
0 (NF-kappa B)
0 (NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein)
0 (Nlrp3 protein, mouse)
0 (Polysaccharides)
0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
0 (mannoglucan)
31C4KY9ESH (Nitric Oxide)
8N3DW7272P (Cyclophosphamide)
EC 1.14.13.39 (Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II)
EC 3.4.24.35 (Matrix Metalloproteinase 9)

Date Created: 20201121 Date Completed: 20210607 Latest Revision: 20211204

20221213

10.1039/d0fo01488e

33220676