Evolutionary Dynamics of Transposable Elements Following a Shared Polyploidization Event in the Tribe Andropogoneae.

Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101566598 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2160-1836 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 21601836 NLM ISO Abbreviation: G3 (Bethesda) Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: 2021- : [Oxford] : Oxford University Press
Original Publication: Bethesda, MD : Genetics Society of America, 2011-

DNA Transposable Elements*/genetics ; Terminal Repeat Sequences*; Evolution, Molecular ; Genome, Plant ; Retroelements/genetics

Both polyploidization and transposable element (TE) activity are known to be major drivers of plant genome evolution. Here, we utilize the Zea-Tripsacum clade to investigate TE activity and accumulation after a shared polyploidization event. Comparisons of TE evolutionary dynamics in various Zea and Tripsacum species, in addition to two closely related diploid species, Urelytrum digitatum and Sorghum bicolor , revealed variation in repeat content among all taxa included in the study. The repeat composition of Urelytrum is more similar to that of Zea and Tripsacum compared to Sorghum , despite the similarity in genome size with the latter. Although LTR-retrotransposons were abundant in all species, we observed an expansion of the copia superfamily, specifically in Z. mays and T. dactyloides , species that have adapted to more temperate environments. Additional analyses of the genomic distribution of these retroelements provided evidence of biased insertions near genes involved in various biological processes including plant development, defense, and macromolecule biosynthesis. Specifically, copia insertions in Zea and T. dactyloides were significantly enriched near genes involved in abiotic stress response, suggesting independent evolution post Zea-Tripsacum divergence. The lack of copia insertions near the orthologous genes in S. bicolor suggests that duplicate gene copies generated during polyploidization may offer novel neutral sites for TEs to insert, thereby providing an avenue for subfunctionalization via TE insertional mutagenesis.
(Copyright © 2020 Ramachandran et al.)

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Keywords: LTR retrotransposon; Tripsacum dactyloides; adaptation; copia insertions; maize domestication

0 (DNA Transposable Elements)
0 (Retroelements)

Date Created: 20200929 Date Completed: 20210527 Latest Revision: 20210527

20231215

PMC7718754

10.1534/g3.120.401596

32988994