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The Association of Dietary Choline and Betaine With the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study.
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- Author(s): Dibaba DT;Dibaba DT;Dibaba DT; Johnson KC; Johnson KC; Johnson KC; Kucharska-Newton AM; Kucharska-Newton AM; Kucharska-Newton AM; Meyer K; Meyer K; Zeisel SH; Zeisel SH; Bidulescu A; Bidulescu A
- Source:
Diabetes care [Diabetes Care] 2020 Nov; Vol. 43 (11), pp. 2840-2846. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Sep 08.- Publication Type:
Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.- Language:
English - Source:
- Additional Information
- Source: Publisher: American Diabetes Association Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7805975 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1935-5548 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01495992 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Diabetes Care Subsets: MEDLINE
- Publication Information: Publication: Alexandria Va : American Diabetes Association
Original Publication: New York, American Diabetes Assn. - Subject Terms: Betaine* ; Choline* ; Diet* ; Eating*; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*epidemiology; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Self Report ; Sex Factors ; United States/epidemiology
- Abstract: Objective: To examine the association between dietary intake of choline and betaine and the risk of type 2 diabetes.
Research Design and Methods: Among 13,440 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study participants, the prospective longitudinal association between dietary choline and betaine intake and the risk of type 2 diabetes was assessed using interval-censored Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression models adjusted for baseline potential confounding variables.
Results: Among 13,440 participants (55% women, mean age 54 [SD 7.4] years), 1,396 developed incident type 2 diabetes during median follow-up of 9 years from 1987 to 1998. There was no statistically significant association between every 1-SD increase in dietary choline and risk of type 2 diabetes (hazard ratio [HR] 1.01 [95% CI 0.87, 1.16]) nor between dietary betaine intake and the risk of type 2 diabetes (HR 1.01 [0.94, 1.10]). Those in the highest quartile of dietary choline intake did not have a statistically significant higher risk of type 2 diabetes than those in the lowest choline quartile (HR 1.09 [0.84, 1.42]); similarly, dietary betaine intake was not associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes comparing the highest quartile to the lowest (HR 1.06 [0.87, 1.29]). Among women, there was a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, comparing the highest to lowest dietary choline quartile (HR 1.54 [1.06, 2.25]), while in men, the association was null (HR 0.82 [0.57, 1.17]). Nevertheless, there was a nonsignificant interaction between high choline intake and sex on the risk of type 2 diabetes ( P = 0.07). The results from logistic regression were similar.
Conclusions: Overall and among male participants, dietary choline or betaine intakes were not associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. Among female participants, there was a trend for a modestly higher risk of type 2 diabetes among those with the highest as compared with the lowest quartile of dietary choline intake. Our study should inform clinical trials on dietary choline and betaine supplementation in relationship with the risk of type 2 diabetes.
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Diabetes Care. 2010 Jan;33 Suppl 1:S62-9. (PMID: 20042775) - Grant Information: N01HC55020 United States HL NHLBI NIH HHS; P30 ES010126 United States ES NIEHS NIH HHS; N01HC55018 United States HL NHLBI NIH HHS; N01HC55015 United States HL NHLBI NIH HHS; N01HC55016 United States HL NHLBI NIH HHS; P30 DK056350 United States DK NIDDK NIH HHS; N01HC55021 United States HL NHLBI NIH HHS; T32 HL007055 United States HL NHLBI NIH HHS; R01 DK055865 United States DK NIDDK NIH HHS; R01 DK089174 United States DK NIDDK NIH HHS; N01HC55022 United States HL NHLBI NIH HHS; K01 HL127159 United States HL NHLBI NIH HHS; T32 DK007686 United States DK NIDDK NIH HHS; N01HC55019 United States HL NHLBI NIH HHS
- Molecular Sequence: figshare 10.2337/figshare.12814169
- Accession Number: 3SCV180C9W (Betaine)
N91BDP6H0X (Choline) - Publication Date: Date Created: 20200909 Date Completed: 20210520 Latest Revision: 20211102
- Publication Date: 20240628
- Accession Number: PMC7576425
- Accession Number: 10.2337/dc20-0733
- Accession Number: 32900787
- Source:
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