Insulin is necessary but not sufficient: changing the therapeutic paradigm in type 1 diabetes.

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  • Author(s): Lord S;Lord S; Greenbaum CJ; Greenbaum CJ
  • Source:
    F1000Research [F1000Res] 2020 Jul 30; Vol. 9. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jul 30 (Print Publication: 2020).
  • Publication Type:
    Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review
  • Language:
    English
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: F1000 Research Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101594320 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2046-1402 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20461402 NLM ISO Abbreviation: F1000Res Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: London : F1000 Research Ltd
    • Subject Terms:
      Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1*/therapy ; Hyperglycemia*; Insulin/*therapeutic use; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; United States
    • Abstract:
      Despite the clear evidence that type 1 diabetes (T1D) begins well before hyperglycemia is evident, there are no clinically available disease-modifying therapies for early-stage disease. However, following the exciting results of the Teplizumab Prevention Study, the first study to demonstrate that overt T1D can be delayed with immunotherapy, there is renewed optimism that in the future, T1D will be treated before hyperglycemia develops. A different treatment paradigm is needed, as a majority of people with T1D do not meet the glycemic targets that are associated with a lower risk of T1D complications and therefore remain vulnerable to complications and shortened life expectancy. The following review will outline the history and current status of immunotherapy for T1D and highlight some challenges and ideas for the future. Although such efforts have been worldwide, we will focus particularly on the activities of Diabetes TrialNet, a National Institutes of Health consortium launched in 2004.
      Competing Interests: Competing interests: The authors received research support from Janssen, Bristol-Meyers-Squibb and are participating in clinical trials sponsored by Intrexon and ProventionBio.Competing interests: Todd M. Brusko has collaborated with the authors on two consortium papers in the last three yearsNo competing interests were disclosed.No competing interests were disclosed.No competing interests were disclosed.No competing interests were disclosed.
      (Copyright: © 2020 Lord S and Greenbaum CJ.)
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    • Grant Information:
      U01 DK106893 United States DK NIDDK NIH HHS; U01 DK103282 United States DK NIDDK NIH HHS
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: TrialNet; Type 1 diabetes; immunotherapy; islet autoimmunity; prevention; teplizumab
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Insulin)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20200814 Date Completed: 20201027 Latest Revision: 20201027
    • Publication Date:
      20231215
    • Accession Number:
      PMC7400689
    • Accession Number:
      10.12688/f1000research.21801.1
    • Accession Number:
      32789003