Association of glucose tolerance status with pancreatic β- and α-cell mass in community-based autopsy samples of Japanese individuals: The Hisayama Study.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Asian Association for the Study of Diabetes and Blackwell Pub. Asia Country of Publication: Japan NLM ID: 101520702 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2040-1124 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20401116 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Diabetes Investig Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Tokyo : Asian Association for the Study of Diabetes and Blackwell Pub. Asia
    • Subject Terms:
      Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*epidemiology ; Glucagon-Secreting Cells/*pathology ; Glucose Intolerance/*epidemiology ; Insulin-Secreting Cells/*pathology ; Prediabetic State/*epidemiology; Aged ; Autopsy ; Biomarkers/analysis ; Blood Glucose/analysis ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glucose Intolerance/pathology ; Humans ; Japan/epidemiology ; Male ; Prediabetic State/pathology ; Prognosis
    • Abstract:
      Aims/introduction: Changes in histologically quantified β- and α-cell mass during the development of glucose intolerance have not been fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to explore differences in β- and α-cell mass according to the glucose tolerance status.
      Materials and Methods: Autopsy samples from a total of 103 individuals (40 with normal glucose tolerance, 31 with prediabetes and 32 with type 2 diabetes mellitus) who underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test within 5 years before death were selected from 643 community-based autopsy samples collected from 2002 to 2016. Fractional β-cell area (BCA) and α-cell area were quantified with Image Pro Plus software. Associations of BCA and α-cell area with glucose tolerance status were assessed using a linear regression analysis, and Spearman's correlation coefficients between glycemic markers and β-cell function were estimated.
      Results: The mean values of BCA decreased significantly with worsening glucose tolerance status (mean ± standard error 1.85 ± 0.10% in normal glucose tolerance, 1.59 ± 0.11% in prediabetes and 1.17 ± 0.11% in type 2 diabetes mellitus, P for trend < 0.001), whereas there was no significant association between α-cell area and glucose tolerance status. BCA was inversely correlated with fasting and 2-h plasma glucose levels during oral glucose tolerance test and glycated hemoglobin measurement, and positively correlated with disposition index (all P < 0.01).
      Conclusions: β-Cell mass decreased significantly with worsening glucose tolerance, from the stage of prediabetes, in the Japanese population. Prevention of declining β-cell mass before the onset of glucose intolerance is important to reduce the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
      (© 2020 The Authors. Journal of Diabetes Investigation published by Asian Association for the Study of Diabetes (AASD) and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)
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    • Grant Information:
      Novo Nordisk Pharma Ltd; JP19dk0207025, JP19ek0210082, JP19ek0210083 The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development; JP19km0405202, JP19ek0210080, JP19fk0108075 The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development; JP19ek0210082 The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development; JP19ek0210083 The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development; JP19ek0210080 The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development; JP19fk0108075 The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development; H29-Junkankitou-Ippan-003 Health and Labour Sciences Research Grants of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan; H30-Shokuhin-[Sitei]-005 Health and Labour Sciences Research Grants of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan; JP15K09399, JP17K09114, JP17K09113, JP17K01853 The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; JP16H02692 The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; JP16H05850, JP17H04126, JP18H02737 The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; JP18K07565, JP18K08488, JP18K09412, JP19K07890 The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; JP18K17925, JP18K17382, JP18K16245 The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; JP17K09114 The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; JP17K09113 The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; JP17K01853 The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; JP17H04126 The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; JP18H02737 The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; JP18K08488 The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; JP18K09412 The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; JP19K07890 The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; JP18K17382 The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; JP18K16245 The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Prediabetes; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; β-Cell mass
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Biomarkers)
      0 (Blood Glucose)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20200208 Date Completed: 20210914 Latest Revision: 20240329
    • Publication Date:
      20240329
    • Accession Number:
      PMC7477504
    • Accession Number:
      10.1111/jdi.13232
    • Accession Number:
      32031300