Understanding the impact of five major determinants of health (genetics, biology, behavior, psychology, society/environment) on type 2 diabetes in U.S. Hispanic/Latino families: Mil Familias - a cohort study.

Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101088676 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1472-6823 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14726823 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Endocr Disord Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2001-

Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System* ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease* ; Health Status Indicators*; Biomarkers/*analysis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*epidemiology ; Hispanic or Latino/*statistics & numerical data ; White People/*statistics & numerical data; Adolescent ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/etiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/psychology ; Family ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Obesity/physiopathology ; Prevalence ; Prognosis ; Risk Factors ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United States/epidemiology

Background: In the United States (U.S.), the prevalence of both diagnosed and undiagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) is nearly twice as high among Mexican-origin Hispanic/Latino adults compared to non-Hispanic Whites. Rates of diabetes-related complications, e.g., acute stroke and end-stage renal disease, are also higher among Hispanic/Latino adults compared to their non-Hispanic/Latino White counterparts. Beyond genetic and biological factors, it is now recognized that sociocultural influences are also important factors in determining risk for T2D and the associated complications. These influences include ethnicity, acculturation, residence, education, and economic status. The primary objective of this study is to determine the influence of the 5 major determinants of human health (genetics, biology, behavior, psychology, society/environment) on the burden of T2D for Latino families. To achieve this objective, Mil Familias (www.milfamilias.sansum.org/) is establishing an observational cohort of 1000 Latino families, with at least one family member living with T2D.
Methods: Specially trained, bilingual Latino/a community health workers (Especialistas) recruit participant families and conduct research activities. Each individual family member will contribute data annually on over 100 different variables relating to their genetics, biology, psychology, behavior, and society/environment, creating a Latino-focused biobank ("Living Information Bank"). This observational cohort study is cross-sectional and longitudinal. Participants are divided into 4 groups: adults age ≥ 18 years with and without T2D, and children age ≥ 7 and < 18 years with and without T2D. Study activities take place through encounters between families and their Especialista. Encounters include screening/enrollment, informed consent, health promotion assessment, laboratory tests, questionnaires, physical activity monitoring, and reflection.
Discussion: By creating and providing the framework for the Cohort Establishment study, we intend to inform new approaches regarding equity and excellence in diabetes research and care. We will examine the complex set of factors that contribute to the burden of diabetes in Latino families and assess if cardio-metabolic disease risks go beyond the traditional biological and genetic factors. Breaking the code on the interplay of cardio-metabolic risk factors may help not only this fast growing segment of the U.S. population, but also other high-risk populations.
Trial Registration: Study retrospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03830840), 2/5/2019 (enrollment began 2/1/2019).

BMC Public Health. 2016 Oct 22;16(1):1113. (PMID: 27770781)
Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment. 2009 Oct;2(4):169-77. (PMID: 23034346)
Circulation. 2016 Jan 26;133(4):e38-360. (PMID: 26673558)
BMC Health Serv Res. 2015 Sep 14;15:374. (PMID: 26370120)
J Health Soc Behav. 1983 Dec;24(4):385-96. (PMID: 6668417)
Curr Diab Rep. 2013 Apr;13(2):163-71. (PMID: 23345198)
Diabetes Care. 2014 Jun;37(6):1525-34. (PMID: 24722495)
Fam Pract. 2016 Oct;33(5):523-8. (PMID: 27418587)
Psychol Rep. 1990 Dec;67(3 Pt 2):1091-100. (PMID: 2084735)
J Foot Ankle Res. 2009 Nov 25;2:34. (PMID: 19939276)
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2017 Nov 10;8:298. (PMID: 29176960)
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Sep;97(9):E1579-639. (PMID: 22730516)
J Gen Intern Med. 2001 Sep;16(9):606-13. (PMID: 11556941)
J Clin Epidemiol. 2012 Oct;65(10):1107-16. (PMID: 22818947)
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2012 Jul;21(7):713-6. (PMID: 22747427)
PLoS One. 2018 Jun 1;13(6):e0198424. (PMID: 29856846)
Circulation. 2018 Oct 23;138(17):e426-e483. (PMID: 30354655)
J Pain Symptom Manage. 2011 Apr;41(4):715-27. (PMID: 21276705)
Endocr Pract. 2017 Oct;23(10):1232-1253. (PMID: 28816530)
Addict Behav. 1982;7(4):363-71. (PMID: 7183189)
Diabetes Care. 2018 Jul;41(7):1414-1422. (PMID: 29703724)
Hisp J Behav Sci. 2014 May 1;36(2):164-174. (PMID: 25110387)
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2015 Jul;38(1):35-41. (PMID: 26506319)
J Nurs Meas. 2016;24(1):E32-43. (PMID: 27103242)
Health Serv Res. 2010 Aug;45(4):1105-20. (PMID: 20500222)

2017-6004 Eli Lilly and Company

Keywords: Hispanic Americans; Latino; Social determinants of health; Type 2 diabetes

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03830840

0 (Biomarkers)

Date Created: 20200108 Date Completed: 20200929 Latest Revision: 20221207

20231215

PMC6945604

10.1186/s12902-019-0483-z

31906923