Human Performance Benefits of The Automation Transparency Design Principle : Validation and Variation.

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  • Author(s): Skraaning G;Skraaning G; Jamieson GA; Jamieson GA
  • Source:
    Human factors [Hum Factors] 2021 May; Vol. 63 (3), pp. 379-401. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Dec 13.
  • Publication Type:
    Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Language:
    English
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0374660 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1547-8181 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00187208 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Hum Factors Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: Santa Monica, Ca : Human Factors and Ergonomics Society
      Original Publication: New York, N.Y. : Pergamon Press, 1958-4
    • Subject Terms:
      Man-Machine Systems* ; Task Performance and Analysis*; Automation ; Humans ; Nuclear Power Plants ; Trust
    • Abstract:
      Objective: Test the automation transparency design principle using a full-scope nuclear power plant simulator.
      Background: Automation transparency is a long-held human factors design principle espousing that the responsibilities, capabilities, goals, activities, and/or effects of automation should be directly observable in the human-system interface. The anticipated benefits of transparency include more effective reliance, more appropriate trust, better understanding, and greater user satisfaction. Transparency has enjoyed a recent upsurge in use in the context of human interaction with agent-oriented automation.
      Method: Three full-scope nuclear power plant simulator studies were conducted with licensed operating crews. In the first two experiments, transparency was implemented for interlocks, controllers, limitations, protections, and automatic programs that operate at the local component level of the plant. In the third experiment, procedure automation assumed control of plant operations and was represented in dedicated agent displays.
      Results: Results from Experiments 1 and 2 appear to validate the human performance benefits of automation transparency for automation at the component level. However, Experiment 3 failed to replicate these findings for automation that assumed control for executing procedural actions.
      Conclusion: Automation transparency appears to yield expected benefits for component-level automation, but caution is warranted in generalizing the design principle to agent-oriented automation.
      Application: The automation transparency design principle may offer a powerful means of compensating for the detrimental impacts of hidden automation influence at the component level of complex systems. However, system developers should exercise caution in assuming that the principle extends to agent-oriented automation.
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: automation; display design principles; function allocation; human–automation interaction; supervisory control; supervisory displays; trust in automation
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20191214 Date Completed: 20220310 Latest Revision: 20220311
    • Publication Date:
      20240829
    • Accession Number:
      10.1177/0018720819887252
    • Accession Number:
      31834815