Rat caval vein myocardium undergoes changes in conduction characteristics during postnatal ontogenesis.

Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 0154720 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1432-2013 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00316768 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Pflugers Arch Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Berlin, New York, Springer.

Heart Conduction System/*physiology ; Myocardium/*pathology ; Vena Cava, Superior/*physiology; Action Potentials/physiology ; Animals ; Atrial Fibrillation/metabolism ; Atrial Fibrillation/physiopathology ; Biological Ontologies ; Connexin 43/metabolism ; Female ; Gap Junctions/metabolism ; Gap Junctions/physiology ; Heart Atria/metabolism ; Heart Conduction System/metabolism ; Male ; Myocardium/metabolism ; Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism ; Myocytes, Cardiac/physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Vena Cava, Superior/metabolism

The electrophysiological properties of the superior vena cava (SVC) myocardium, which is considered a minor source of atrial arrhythmias, were studied in this study during postnatal development. Conduction properties were investigated in spontaneously active and electrically paced SVC preparations obtained from 7-60-day-old male Wistar rats using optical mapping and microelectrode techniques. The presence of high-conductance connexin 43 (Cx43) was evaluated in SVC cross-sections using immunofluorescence. It was found that SVC myocardium is excitable, electrically coupled with the atrial tissue, and conducts excitation waves at all stages of postnatal development. However, the conduction velocity (CV) of excitation and action potential (AP) upstroke velocity in SVC were significantly lower in neonatal than in adult animals and increased with postnatal maturation. Connexins Cx43 were identified in both neonatal and adult rat SVC myocardium; however, the abundance of Cx43 was significantly less in neonates. The gap junction uncoupler octanol affected conduction more profound in the neonatal than in adult SVC. We demonstrated for the first time that the conduction characteristics of SVC myocardium change from a slow-conduction (nodal) to a high-conduction (working) phenotype during postnatal ontogenesis. An age-related CV increase may occur due to changes of AP characteristics, electrical coupling, and Cx43 presence in SVC cardiomyocyte membranes. Observed changes may contribute to the low proarrhythmicity of adult caval vein cardiac tissue, while pre- or postnatal developmental abnormalities that delay the establishment of the working conduction phenotype may facilitate SVC proarrhythmia.

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Keywords: Action potential; Atrial fibrillation; Caval veins; Conduction of excitation; Myocardial sleeves; Postnatal development

0 (Connexin 43)

Date Created: 20191027 Date Completed: 20200514 Latest Revision: 20200514

20221213

10.1007/s00424-019-02320-0

31654199