Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Medication and Unintentional Injuries in Children and Adolescents.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8704565 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1527-5418 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 08908567 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: Jan. 2010- : New York : Elsevier
      Original Publication: [Baltimore, Md.] : The Academy, [1987-
    • Subject Terms:
      Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity*/drug therapy ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity*/epidemiology ; Central Nervous System Stimulants*/adverse effects; Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Databases, Factual ; Drug Prescriptions ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Risk ; United States/epidemiology ; Young Adult
    • Abstract:
      Objective: Our objective was to determine whether attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication is associated with a decreased risk of unintentional injuries in children and adolescents in the United States across sexes, age groups and injury types.
      Method: We used de-identified inpatient, outpatient, and filled prescription claims data from the Truven Health MarketScan Research Databases. Individuals were followed from January 1, 2005, date of first ADHD diagnosis, or medication prescription, or age 6 years, whichever occurred last, until December 31, 2014, first healthcare insurance disenrollment, or the first year at which their age was recorded as 19 years, whichever occurred first. A person was considered on ADHD medication during a given month if a prescription was filled in that month. The outcome was defined as emergency department visits for injuries, including traumatic brain injuries, with unintentional causes. Odds of having the outcome were compared between medicated and unmedicated months at the population-level and in within-individual analyses using logistic regression.
      Results: Among 1,968,146 individuals diagnosed with ADHD or receiving ADHD medication, 87,154 had at least one event. At the population level, medication use was associated with a lower risk of injuries, both in boys (odds ratio [OR] = 0.85; 95% CI = 0.84-0.86) and girls (OR = 0.87; 95% CI = 0.85-0.89). Similar results were obtained from within-individual analysis among male (OR = 0.72; 95% CI = 0.70-0.74) and female (OR = 0.72; 95% CI = 0.69-0.75) children, and among male (OR = 0.64; 95% CI = 0.60-0.67) and female (OR = 0.65; 95% CI = 0.60-0.71) adolescents. Similar results were found for traumatic brain injuries.
      Conclusion: ADHD medication use was associated with a reduction of different types of unintentional injuries in children and adolescents of both sexes.
      (Copyright © 2019 American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
    • Comments:
      Comment in: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2020 Aug;59(8):920-922. (PMID: 31816419)
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    • Grant Information:
      K99 DA040727 United States DA NIDA NIH HHS; R00 DA040727 United States DA NIDA NIH HHS; R01 MH102221 United States MH NIMH NIH HHS
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: attention-deficit disorder with hyperactivity/drug therapy
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Central Nervous System Stimulants)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20190715 Date Completed: 20210318 Latest Revision: 20210802
    • Publication Date:
      20240628
    • Accession Number:
      PMC6954332
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.jaac.2019.06.010
    • Accession Number:
      31302218