A review on remediation of cyanide containing industrial wastes using biological systems with special reference to enzymatic degradation.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 9012472 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1573-0972 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09593993 NLM ISO Abbreviation: World J Microbiol Biotechnol Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: 2005- : Berlin : Springer
      Original Publication: Oxford, OX, UK : Published by Rapid Communications of Oxford Ltd in association with UNESCO and in collaboration with the International Union of Microbiological Societies, c1990-
    • Subject Terms:
      Bacteria/*enzymology ; Cyanides/*metabolism ; Fungi/*enzymology ; Industrial Waste/*analysis ; Plants/*enzymology; Amidohydrolases ; Aminohydrolases ; Bacteria/classification ; Bacteria/metabolism ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Carbon-Nitrogen Lyases ; Cyanides/toxicity ; Fungi/metabolism ; Hydro-Lyases ; Hydrolases ; Industrial Microbiology ; Nitrogenase ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Plants/classification ; Plants/metabolism ; Sulfurtransferases ; Thiosulfate Sulfurtransferase
    • Abstract:
      Cyanide is a nitrile which is used extensively in many industries like jewelry, mining, electroplating, plastics, dyes, paints, pharmaceuticals, food processing, and coal coking. Cyanides pose a serious health hazard due to their high affinity towards metals and cause malfunction of cellular respiration by inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase. This inhibition ultimately leads to histotoxic hypoxia, increased acidosis, reduced the functioning of the central nervous system and myocardial activity. Different physicochemical processes including oxidation by hydrogen peroxide, alkaline chlorination, and ozonization have been used to reduce cyanide waste from the environment. Microbial cyanide degradation which is considered as one the most successful techniques is used to take place through different biochemical/metabolic pathways involving reductive, oxidative, hydrolytic or substitution/transfer reactions. Groups of enzymes involved in microbial degradation are cyanidase, cyanide hydratase, formamidase, nitrilase, nitrile hydratase, cyanide dioxygenase, cyanide monooxygenase, cyanase and nitrogenase. In the future, more advancement of omics technologies and protein engineering will help us to recoup the environment from cyanide effluent. In this review, we have discussed the origin and environmental distribution of cyanide waste along with different bioremediation pathways and enzymes involved therein.
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    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Cyanidases; Cyanide waste; Enzymatic degradation pathway; Nitrilases; Remediation techniques
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Cyanides)
      0 (Industrial Waste)
      EC 1.18.6.1 (Nitrogenase)
      EC 2.8.1.- (Sulfurtransferases)
      EC 2.8.1.1 (Thiosulfate Sulfurtransferase)
      EC 3.- (Hydrolases)
      EC 3.5.- (Amidohydrolases)
      EC 3.5.- (cyanidase)
      EC 3.5.1.49 (formamidase)
      EC 3.5.4.- (Aminohydrolases)
      EC 3.5.5.1 (nitrilase)
      EC 4.2.1.- (Hydro-Lyases)
      EC 4.2.1.- (nitrile hydratase)
      EC 4.2.1.104 (cyanate hydrolase)
      EC 4.2.1.66 (cyanide hydratase)
      EC 4.3.- (Carbon-Nitrogen Lyases)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20190424 Date Completed: 20190605 Latest Revision: 20200225
    • Publication Date:
      20240829
    • Accession Number:
      10.1007/s11274-019-2643-8
    • Accession Number:
      31011828