Quantifying exposure levels of coastal facilities to oil spills in Bahrain, Arabian Gulf.

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  • Author(s): Marzooq H;Marzooq H; Naser HA; Naser HA; Elkanzi EM; Elkanzi EM
  • Source:
    Environmental monitoring and assessment [Environ Monit Assess] 2019 Feb 15; Vol. 191 (3), pp. 160. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Feb 15.
  • Publication Type:
    Journal Article
  • Language:
    English
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 8508350 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1573-2959 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01676369 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Monit Assess Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: 1998- : Dordrecht : Springer
      Original Publication: Dordrecht, Holland ; Boston : D. Reidel Pub. Co., c1981-
    • Subject Terms:
      Environmental Exposure/*statistics & numerical data ; Petroleum Pollution/*statistics & numerical data ; Water Pollution, Chemical/*statistics & numerical data; Bahrain ; Environmental Monitoring/methods
    • Abstract:
      The Arabian Gulf is considered as a hub for global oil industry. Thus the Arabian Gulf marine environment is under permanent threat from oil spills due to oil exploitation, production, and transportation. Oil pollution poses adverse effects on marine environment, society, and economy. Oil spill incidents that occurred in Bahrain caused damage to marine environment and threatened the vital coastal facilities along the coastline of Bahrain. This study determined the exposure levels of coastal facilities in Bahrain to oil spills. The General NOAA Operational Modeling Environment (GNOME) model was validated and applied to hypothetical oil spill scenarios. The modeling results showed that the coastal facilities on the north-eastern coastline are more probable to be hit by oil spills, while those on the northern coastline are susceptible to receive more quantity of oil. The time required for oil to reach the western coastline is shorter compared to the other coastlines. The modeling outcomes can be utilized in contingency planning, setting the protection priorities and allocation and mobilization of response resources in both governmental and private sectors. The implications of the present study could be applied on a regional scale to ensure an integrated response to combat and or minimize oil pollution in the Arabian Gulf.
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    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Arabian Gulf; Bahrain; Exposure maps; GNOME; Modeling; Oil spills
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20190217 Date Completed: 20190320 Latest Revision: 20200225
    • Publication Date:
      20221213
    • Accession Number:
      10.1007/s10661-019-7287-5
    • Accession Number:
      30771003