Pulses of Melanopsin-Directed Contrast Produce Highly Reproducible Pupil Responses That Are Insensitive to a Change in Background Radiance.

Publisher: Association For Research In Vision And Ophthalmology (Arvo) Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7703701 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1552-5783 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01460404 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: Brookline Ma : Association For Research In Vision And Ophthalmology (Arvo)
Original Publication: St. Louis, Mosby.

Contrast Sensitivity/*physiology ; Pupil/*physiology ; Reflex, Pupillary/*radiation effects ; Rod Opsins/*metabolism; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Light ; Male ; Photic Stimulation ; Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells/physiology ; Young Adult

Purpose: To measure the pupil response to pulses of melanopsin-directed contrast, and compare this response to those evoked by cone-directed contrast and spectrally narrowband stimuli.
Methods: Three-second unipolar pulses were used to elicit pupil responses in human subjects across three sessions. Thirty subjects were studied in session 1, and most returned for sessions 2 and 3. The stimuli of primary interest were "silent substitution" cone- and melanopsin-directed modulations. Red and blue narrowband pulses delivered using the post-illumination pupil response (PIPR) paradigm were also studied. Sessions 1 and 2 were identical, whereas session 3 involved modulations around higher radiance backgrounds. The pupil responses were fit by a model whose parameters described response amplitude and temporal shape.
Results: Group average pupil responses for all stimuli overlapped extensively across sessions 1 and 2, indicating high reproducibility. Model fits indicate that the response to melanopsin-directed contrast is prolonged relative to that elicited by cone-directed contrast. The group average cone- and melanopsin-directed pupil responses from session 3 were highly similar to those from sessions 1 and 2, suggesting that these responses are insensitive to background radiance over the range studied. The increase in radiance enhanced persistent pupil constriction to blue light.
Conclusions: The group average pupil response to stimuli designed through silent substitution provides a reliable probe of the function of a melanopsin-mediated system in humans. As disruption of the melanopsin system may relate to clinical pathology, the reproducibility of response suggests that silent substitution pupillometry can test if melanopsin signals differ between clinical groups.

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P30 EY001583 United States EY NEI NIH HHS; R01 EY024681 United States EY NEI NIH HHS; T32 AG000255 United States AG NIA NIH HHS

0 (Rod Opsins)
0 (melanopsin)

Date Created: 20181128 Date Completed: 20190510 Latest Revision: 20241115

20241115

PMC6262648

10.1167/iovs.18-25219

30481278