Thermal Behavior Differs between Males and Females during Exercise and Recovery.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8005433 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1530-0315 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01959131 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Med Sci Sports Exerc
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: Hagerstown, Md : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
      Original Publication: Madison, Wis., American College of Sports Medicine.
    • Subject Terms:
      Body Temperature Regulation/*physiology ; Exercise/*physiology; Adult ; Body Temperature/physiology ; Energy Metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Perception ; Regional Blood Flow ; Sex Factors ; Skin/blood supply ; Skin Temperature/physiology ; Sweating/physiology ; Young Adult
    • Abstract:
      Introduction: This study tested the hypothesis that females rely on thermal behavior to a greater extent during and after exercise, relative to males.
      Methods: In a 24°C ± 1°C; (45% ± 10% RH) environment, 10 males (M) and 10 females (F) (22 ± 2 yr) cycled for 60 min (metabolic heat production: M, 117 ± 18 W·m; F, 129 ± 21 W·m), followed by 60-min recovery. Mean skin and core temperatures, skin blood flow and local sweat rates were measured continually. Subjects controlled the temperature of their dorsal neck to perceived thermal comfort using a custom-made device. Neck device temperature provided an index of thermal behavior and mean body temperature provided an index of the stimulus for thermal behavior. Data were analyzed for total area under the curve for exercise and recovery time points. To further isolate the effect of exercise on thermal behavior during recovery, data were also analyzed the minute mean body temperature returned to preexercise levels within a subject.
      Results: There were no sex differences in metabolic heat production (P = 0.71) or body temperatures (P ≥ 0.10) during exercise. Area under the curve for neck device temperature during exercise was greater for F (-98.4°C·min ± 33.6°C·min vs -64.5°C·min ± 47.8°C·min, P = 0.04), but did not differ during recovery (F, 86.8°C·min ± 37.8°C·min; M, 65.6°C·min ± 35.9°C·min; P = 0.11). In M, mean skin (P = 0.90), core (P = 0.70) and neck device (P = 0.99) temperatures had recovered by the time that mean body temperature had returned to preexercise levels. However, in F, neck device temperature (P = 0.04) was reduced while core temperature remained elevated (P < 0.01).
      Conclusions: Females use thermal behavior during exercise to a greater extent than M. During recovery, thermal behavior may compensate for elevated core temperatures in F despite mean body temperatures returning to preexercise levels.
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20180811 Date Completed: 20190814 Latest Revision: 20190814
    • Publication Date:
      20240829
    • Accession Number:
      10.1249/MSS.0000000000001756
    • Accession Number:
      30095750